A zero-fluoroscopy approach to cavotricuspid isthmus catheter ablation using the Carto®3 system is feasible in most procedures. This approach has similar results to the zero-fluoroscopy approach using the Ensite-NavX™ system.

A613disability. Costs of initial stays were € 8,353 € for patients who died, € 6,108, € 7,708, € 7,908 according to disability for ischemic strokes. Costs for intracranial hemorrhages were respectively € 7,307 for patients who died, € 7,627, € 9,654 and € 8,863 according to disability. One year costs for survivors according to disability levels were € 7 277, € 30,293 and € 19,508 for ischemic strokes, out of which rehabilitation accounted for 2.2%, 61.7% and 48.0%. One year costs for intracranial hemorrhages were € 9,628, € 33,610 and € 21,986, amongst which rehabilitation weighted 2.1%, 54.9% and 42.6%. ConClusions: Disability and rehabilitation drive one-year costs for AF patients who experience intra-cerebral events.

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Background When pacing trains with a constant cycle length (CL) but increasing number of beats are introduced during a macroreentrant atrial tachycardia (MAT), the postpacing interval (PPI) is expected to increase if entrainment does not occur but could be stable if entrainment occurs. We tested the ability of PPI analysis to detect entrainment. Methods Synchronized pacing trains with increasing number of beats (1‐20) were delivered from the coronary sinus (CS) and lateral right atrium (RA) at a CL 20 ms shorter than the MAT CL. Pacing trains were grouped in pairs differing by one‐paced beat, and the ∆PPI measured. Results In an initial prospective cohort of 21 patients (48% had left atrial flutter) the mean ∆PPI was 21.3 ± 5.6 ms for pairs of pacing trains in which neither entrained the MAT and 2.8 ± 1.4 ms for those in which both entrained the MAT (P < .0001). Results were similar for common vs atypical flutter, PPI‐TCL ≤30 ms vs PPI‐TCL >30 ms, presence vs absence of antiarrhythmic drugs and faster vs slower MAT. When an index pacing train was compared to one with two‐paced beats less, a PPI difference of <19 ms identified entrainment with 95% sensitivity and 98% specificity. In a validation cohort of 16 patients, this cut‐off value resulted in sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 94%. Conclusions A relatively constant ∆PPI in response to overdrive pacing with identical CL but different number of beats allows accurate discrimination between trains that entrained vs those which did not entrain a MAT.

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