Lipschütz ulcer (UL) was described in 1913 by Benjamin Lipschütz. It has unknown etiology. Among the clinical manifestations, pain, edema and local lymphadenopathy, fever, malaise, myalgia and odynophagia are of particular emphasis. Differential diagnoses include infectious diseases, neoplasia, trauma, and sexual abuse. We reported a case of a 14-year-old girl who developed genital ulcer preceded by general nonspecific symptoms. Investigations excluded infectious and inflammatory diseases. Other common causes were also excluded. By eliminating other ethologies and presenting all the diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of UL was established. The patient presented significant and progressive clinical improvement and was discharged in good general condition, with regression lesion.

A neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional abrange um grupo de doenças que têm origem no tecido placentário, apresentando tendências distintas de invasão, podendo chegar até a metástase, que é a sua forma mais grave. É uma neoplasia curável e isto se dá devido à alta sensibilidade das dosagens seriadas de gonadotrofina coriônica humana aliada ao tratamento quimioterápico e em certos casos radioterápico. O objetivo deste estudo pautou-se em levantar, junto à literatura publicada, informações a respeito da neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional e a utilização da radioterapia em seu tratamento. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão de literatura, usando como fonte de pesquisa base de dados como Google Acadêmico; Coleção Nacional das Fontes de Informação do SUS (Coleciona SUS); Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). A amostra deste estudo foi composta por nove artigos publicados. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa demonstraram que quando o paciente evolui para neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional, é importante procurar por metástases, uma vez que elas podem trazer complicações, requerendo um tratamento quimioterápico, e no caso de metástase cerebral, requerem radioterapia. Ao final, concluiu-se que a neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional nada mais é do que um grupo de tumores raros que estão relacionados com a gravidez, e se caracterizam pela proliferação anormal de células que possuem características histológicas semelhantes a do trofoblasto.   Palavras-chave: Neoplasia Trofoblástica Gestacional.Radioterapia. Metástase. ABSTRACT Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm includes a group of diseases derived from the placental tissue, with distinct invasion tendencies, which might lead to metastasis, its most severe form. It is a curable neoplasm, due to the high sensitivity of serial dosages of human chorionic gonadotrophin, combined with chemotherapy treatment, and, in certain cases, radiotherapeutic treatment as well. The purpose of this study is to gather, along with the published literature, information regarding gestational trophoblastic neoplasm, and the usage of radiotherapy in its treatment. The methodology used was literature review. Also, data were collected from research databases such as Google Scholar; National Collection of Information Sources of SUS (Collects SUS); Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). Samples of this study were composed by nine published articles. The results of this research have shown that when the patient advances to gestational trophoblastic neoplasm, it is important to search for metastases, since metastases may lead to complications, requiring a chemotherapeutic treatment, and, in case of cerebral metastasis, requiring radiotherapy as well. The final conclusion is that gestational trophoblastic neoplasm is nothing but a group of rare tumours that are related to pregnancy, and are characterized by the abnormal proliferation of cells that have histological characteristics in common with trophoblast. Keywords: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia,radioterapy, metástase.