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Palm wine, the most commonly consumed traditional alcoholic beverage in Western Africa, harbours a complex microbiota and metabolites, which plays a crucial role in the overall quality and value of the product. In the present study, a combined metagenomic and metabolomic approach was applied to describe the microbial community structure and metabolites profile of fermented saps from three palm species (Elaeis guineensis, Raphia hookeri, Borassus aethiopum) in Côte d'Ivoire. Lactobacillaceae (47%), Leuconostocaceae (16%) and Acetobacteriaceae (28%) were the most abundant bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (87%) the predominant yeasts in these beverages. The microbial community structure of Raphia wine was distinctly different from the others. Multivariate analysis based on the metabolites profile clearly separated the three palm wine types. The main differentiating metabolites were putatively identified as gevotroline hydrochloride, sesartemin and methylisocitrate in Elaeis wine; derivative of homoserine, mitoxantrone in Raphia wine; pyrimidine nucleotide sugars (UDP-Dgalacturonate) and myo-Inositol derivatives in Borassus wine. The enriched presence of gevotroline (an antipsychotic agent) and mitoxantrone (an anticancer drug) in palm wine supports its therapeutic potential. This work provides a valuable insight into the microbiology and biochemistry of palm wines and a rationale for selecting functional microorganisms for potential biotechnology applications.

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Our study aimed to carry out the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of the coagulase positive and negative Staphylococcus isolated from meat product sold in streets in Abidjan (Ivory Coast). Two hundred and forty (240) samples from three kind of meat product (beef, pork and chickens) were collected in four popular communes (Abobo, Adjamé, Treichville and Yopougon) of Abidjan. These samples were composed of 80 samples of each kind of meat. After seeding on appropriate medium, suspected Staphylococcus strains were preliminary identified using API Staph protocol. The exact bacteria identity was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The Staphylococcus strains susceptibility to 18 antibiotics was determined using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton medium. Out of the 240 tested samples, 96 Staphylococcus strains were isolated and identified. The coagulase positive specie isolated was Staphylococcus aureus with 19/96 (19.79%). Among the 77 coagulase negative strains, S. sciuri (32/77) was the most isolated followed by S. simulans (15/77). The highest resistance level was observed with erythromycin (100% for coagulase positive and 69.5% for coagulase negative). None resistance was observed with imipenem. The observed resistance to antibiotics of Staphylococcus strains suggests that the streets meat products sold at Abidjan are not appropriate and can be able to present a public health danger for the consumer.