In engineering, the foundation is a special element of a building. It is the connecting part with the soil, which transfers loads from the structure to the ground, so that they are distributed on a wider area, thus avoiding high levels of soil stresses. Furthermore, they help the structure to withstand various natural forces like earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, and also to anchor the structure into the ground, thus increasing its stability. Over time, people aim to build elaborate structures, first to facilitate the standard living and then, utilizing this primary purpose, to make a substantial contribution to the progress and development of science, through the discovery of new methods. This work aims to briefly record, analyze, and comment on special cases of building foundations and infrastructure projects that are in line with modern requirements of research and technology. The work furthermore presents the advantages of static and seismic behavior of the foundations which may present significant structures over similar ones of the same or smaller scale. There was an effort to develop and comment on the information which explains the general nature of the foundations with their evolutionary activity. These concepts, combined with a description of the typical building or infrastructure project, with their characteristics may be a powerful tool not only for future constructions and research but mainly for education. The work also emphasizes the connection between theory and practice.

The behavior of soil either as a building material or as a load receiver is particularly important and presents a paramount significance in both infrastructure and building construction. Geotechnical engineering has shown a rapid development over the last fifty years and holds a prominent position in all scientific fields of engineers. This paper mainly aims at the historical background along with the progress made on Soil Engineering as an important branch of Surveyors, Civil and Mining Engineers, where, through an important citation of technical works and constructions over time, may be considered as a significant tool for teaching and education of students