This paper evaluates the performance of an automatic method for structural decomposition, noise removal and enhancement of bowel sounds (BS), based on the wavelet transform. The proposed method combines multiresolution analysis with hard thresholding to compose a wavelet transform-based stationary-nonstationary (WTST-NST) filter, for enhanced separation of bowel sounds (BS) from superimposed noise. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the experimental results, when applying the WTST-NST filter to BS recorded from controls and patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction, prove that the ability of the WTST-NST filter to remove noise and reveal the authentic structure of BS is excellent. By eliminating the need to record a noise reference signal, this method reduces hardware overhead when analysis of BS is the primary aim. The method is independent of subjective human judgement for selection of noise reference templates, is robust to different levels of signal interference, and, due to its simplicity, can easily be used in clinical medicine.
Fifth generation (5G) envisages a “hyperconnected society” with an enormous number of interconnected devices, anywhere and at any time. Edge computing plays a pivotal role in this vision, enabling low latency, large traffic volumes, and improved quality of experience. The advent of 5G and edge computing encourages vertical industries to develop innovative services, which can meet the challenging demands coming from consumers. However, economic feasibility is the ultimate factor that determines the viability of a new service. Hence, effective techniques for the economic assessment of such services are needed. This paper analyzes the provision of immersive media services in crowded events, through a cloud‐enabled small cell network owned by a neutral host, and offered in multitenancy to different mobile network operators. We initially develop a planning model to predict the required compute, storage, and radio resources. Taking into account dynamic factors such as service penetration and price evolution, we then provide a number of economic indices, such as net present value, internal rate of return, and expected payback period to assess the viability of a potential investment in a 5G infrastructure for immersive media services. The presented analysis will guide small cell network operators in the provision of 5G innovative media services.
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