The yearly dropout rate of high school students of Ca Mau was relatively high (as of 5.61% in the school year 2019–2020). The problems and consequences of dropping out of school might raise numerous social problems. Therefore, this study is to examine the factors affecting the students’ dropout of high school in Ca Mau province and propose several solutions to reduce the dropout rate. Data were collected from 06 districts in Ca Mau in 2019–2020 by interviewing 268 parents and 16 educational managers and surveying 168 homeroom teachers in high schools. The analysis results demonstrate that the main reasons for students’ dropout were poor academic performance (57.46%), economic difficulties (26.87%), living in an unhappy family (9.33%), and improper learning motivation (6.34%). The findings provided crucial information for practically efficient solutions in reducing the high school dropout rate in Ca Mau.