Nos últimos vinte anos vem ocorrendo um aumento expressivo da aplicação do método fenomenológico à pesquisa empírica em psicologia. O presente estudo é uma apreciação descritiva e crítica de como o método fenomenológico foi utilizado em 34 artigos nacionais (de 1996 a 2007) e 21 artigos do periódico norte-americano Journal of Phenomenological Psychology (de 2000 a 2008). A análise concentrou-se na descrição operacional dos passos técnicos do método das pesquisas, com atenção à redução fenomenológica, considerada elemento lógico central dessa orientação investigativa. Os resultados da revisão apontaram pluralidade lógica e técnica na aplicação da redução fenomenológica entre os artigos publicados no Brasil, e homogeneidade aplicativa entre as pesquisas do periódico internacional. Tal recurso foi geralmente descrito como meio técnico de tematização de relatos e definição de essencialidades em uma compreensão hermenêutica do relato de experiências. A discussão se encaminhou para a heterogeneidade e as possíveis convergências associadas a essa prática.

Bodily action and the reversibility between consciousness and movement: The phenomenological realism Acción corporal y las reversiones entre consciencia y movimiento: El realismo fenomenológico. mARcoS RicARdo jAnzen thiAgo gomeS decAStRo wiLLiAm B. gomeS resumo: O foco do artigo é a relação entre corporeidade e consciência para explicar como um ato que é pré-reflexivo e involuntário vem a se tornar reflexivo e voluntário, para se expressar posteriormente como pré-reflexivo e voluntário. Primeiro traça um paralelo entre psicólogos que recorreram à psicologia fenomenológica ou descritiva em experimentos sobre a consciência imediata dos sentidos. Segundo, ressalta o corpo como referencial ao movimento e à ação na constituição da autoconsciência, indicando divergências com teorias cognitivas e convergências com a fenomenologia existencial. Terceiro, toma-se o corpo situado interagindo com um mundo real para demonstrar que parte da apreensão fenomenal é concreta e situada. Por isto, se diz que a percepção é uma presentação e não necessariamente uma representação. Por fim, recorre-se a exemplos de estudos recentes em campos como a educação física, dança e ergonomia para sugerir aplicações fenomenológicas ainda pouco exploradas: como delineamento de layouts, planificação de ambientes e prevenção de acidentes.

Emotional Eating (EE) is defined as eating under the influence of negative emotions, and is associated with Eating Disorders, impulsivity, depression and weight gain. However, previous literature is not clear regarding how these variables explain EE. The present study aimed to identify predictors of EE and its relationship to impulsivity, depression, eating style, and weight status in young adults. Sex differences in eating style were examined, and differences in EE between obese/overweight and normal/underweight individuals were tested. Two-hundred college students completed online questionnaires assessing all variables. Low inhibitory control, depression symptoms, female sex, and higher body mass index significantly predicted scores on EE. Obese/overweight and female participants presented increased EE. Correlation analysis evidenced positive associations between EE, Uncontrolled Eating, body mass, and low inhibitory control. Results indicate that EE is related to psychological factors such as impulsivity and depression, and to biological factors, such as sex and body mass.

The theory of objective self-awareness predicts the assessment of stable or dispositional self-consciousness and transitory or situational self-awareness. The aim of the present research was to investigate potential associations between patterns of experiential self-description to scores on self-report measures of dispositional self-consciousness. A total of 64 Brazilian volunteers (Mage = 29.7, SD = 8.79, 64.1% female) responded to the Revised Self-Consciousness Scale, the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale, and the Rumination–Reflection Questionnaire before participating in an experience sampling protocol. The protocol consisted of random daily requests for up to four self-description experiences across seven consecutive days. Participants recorded audio messages on their mobile phones in reply to each request describing their current experience. Reports were analyzed through a reflexive thematic analysis that produced twenty sub-themes accounting for descriptive markers of experience. Based on those descriptive markers, the qualitative data were then transformed into quantitative data for the situational self-awareness indexes. Evidence of association between self-consciousness and self-awareness was stronger for the awareness subscale in a positive correlation with affective situational self-awareness and in a negative correlation with mental representational transitory self-awareness. Although relational evidence has been provided, the data reinforced the theoretical distinction between self-consciousness and self-awareness.

This review seeks to describe a multisensory integration hypothesis for proprioception through the description of different Rubber Hand Illusion (rhi) experimental settings. rhi is a paradigm created in 1998 to explore the relation between visual and tactile sensory systems. The task involves a synchronous stroking, using a paintbrush, of one of a subject's hands occluded from his vision, and a prosthetic rubber hand located in front of the subject. Instructed to look at the rubber hand, the subject starts to feel as if the rubber hand is his own hand after approximately half a minute, which is to say that the illusion produces a feeling of ownership of the rubber hand. Additional research over the last 15 years has widely explored these results, illustrating the dynamic functions of the brain and body sensory systems, as well as shedding light on the bases of amputee rehabilitation and different types of paresthesia. The review is structured around three topics: (1) the definition, limits, and scope of rhi; (2) the physiological and neurocognitive evidence backing rhi; and (3) the use of action based rhi experimental settings. The paper concludes that rhi is a salient example of a neuroscientific trend towards an integrated account of body, brain, and perceptual space. The discovery of the illusion has also provided an alternative context for the study of proprioception and related brain dynamics in normal subjects.