Higher mFI, independent of other risk factors, is associated with higher mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing elective EVAR and OAR. The mortality in frail patients is further driven by FTR from postoperative complications. Preoperative recognition of frailty may serve as a useful adjunct for risk assessment.

Although excellent operative results can be achieved in cases of non-ischemic complications, acute femoral occlusion in children younger than 2 years often leads to less satisfactory outcomes. Operative intervention can provide successful outcome in children with claudication caused by chronic limb ischemia. Variables that correlated with significant iatrogenic groin complications included a young age, therapeutic intervention, earlier catheterization, and the use of a large guiding catheter.

Liver blood flow and systemic hemodynamics were measured intraoperatively in 34 patients after liver transplantation. Ultrasound transit-time flow probes measured hepatic arterial and portal venous flow over 10 to 75 min 1 to 3 hr after reperfusion. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution. Mean cardiac output was 9.5 +/- 2.8 L/min; the mean total liver blood flow of 2,091 +/- 932 ml/min was 23% +/- 11% of cardiac output. Mean portal flow of 1,808 +/- 929 ml/min was disproportionately high at 85% +/- 10% of total liver blood flow. Correlation analysis showed a significant (p less than 0.01; r = 0.42) correlation between cardiac output and portal venous flow and a trend toward negative correlation (p = 0.087) between cardiac output and hepatic arterial flow. These data show that increased flow in the newly transplanted liver is predominantly portal venous flow and is associated with high cardiac output and reduced hepatic arterial flow. In the last 13 patients studied, portal flow was reduced by 50% and the hepatic artery response was measured. We saw a significant (p less than 0.05) increase in hepatic artery flow from 322 +/- 228 to 419 +/- 271 ml/min, indicating an intact hepatic arterial buffer response. The hepatic artery response also showed that it is a reversible rather than a fixed resistance that contributes to the low hepatic artery flow in these patients.

No abstract

Endovascular treatment of carotid artery pseudoaneurysms is a useful alternative to standard surgical repair. This modality avoids the necessity for surgical exposure at the skull base with its inherent morbidity.