Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio da análise dos componentes principais, a redução na dimensionalidade de atributos químicos e físicos do solo para a compreensão da variabilidade espacial e temporal da produtividade de culturas de grãos. A área experimental, de 54 ha, é manejada em agricultura de precisão há oito anos. Com base em seis mapas de colheita (soja -safra 2000/2001; milho -2001/2002; soja -2002/2003; trigo -2003; soja -2003/2004; e milho -2004/2005), a área foi dividida em três zonas de produtividade de grãos (alta, média e baixa). Foram definidos 15 pontos georreferenciados representativos, para determinação de atributos químicos e físicos do solo, o que totalizou 63 variáveis analisadas. Entre os atributos químicos, o elevado teor de K no solo é o que melhor explica a variabilidade espacial da produtividade das culturas de grãos, provavelmente em razão do desbalanço das relações Ca:K e Mg:K. A zona de baixa produtividade apresentou baixa qualidade física do solo. Neste caso, a infiltração de água no solo, isoladamente, é a variável que melhor explica o desempenho das culturas de grãos. A análise dos componentes principais dos atributos químicos e físicos do solo é estratégia eficiente para explicar a variabilidade espacial e temporal da produtividade de culturas de grãos.Termos para indexação: agricultura de precisão, análise multivariada, variabilidade espacial, variabilidade temporal, zonas de manejo. Principal component analysis of soil chemical and physical attributes limiting grain yieldAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate, through principal component analysis, the reduction in the dimensionality of soil chemical and physical attributes in order to understand the spatial and temporal variability of grain crop yield. The experimental area of 54 ha has been managed under precision agriculture for eight years. Based on six grain yield maps (soybean -2000/2001 harvest season; maize -2001/2002; soybean -2002/2003; wheat -2003; soybean -2003/2004; and maize -2004/2005), the area was split in three grain yield zones (high, medium, and low). Fifteen representative geo-referentiated points were defined in order to determine soil chemical and physical attributes, totaling 63 analyzed variables. Among chemical attributes, the high K content in soil is the variable that best explains the spatial variability of grain crop yield, probably due to the imbalance of the Ca:K and Mg:K relations. The low-yield zone had low soil physical quality. In this case, soil water infiltration, solely, is the variable that best explains the performance of the grain crops. Principal components analysis of soil chemical and physical attributes is an efficient strategy to explain the spatial and temporal variability of grain crop yield.
The cultivation of soybean in Brazil experienced an expressive growth in the last decades. Soybean is highly demanding on nitrogen (N) that must come from fertilizers or from biological fixation. The N supply to the soybean crop in Brazil relies on the inoculation with elite strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, B. elkanii, and B. diazoefficiens, which are able to fulfill the crop's N requirements and enrich the soil for the following crop. The effectiveness of the association between N2-fixing bacteria and soybean plants depends on the efficacy of the inoculation process. Seed treatment with pesticides, especially fungicides or micronutrients, may rapidly kill the inoculated bacteria, affecting the establishment and outcome of the symbiosis. The development of technologies that allow inoculation to become a successful component of industrial seed treatment represents a valuable tool for the seed industry, as well as for the soybean crop worldwide. In this article, we report the results of new technologies, developed by the company Total Biotecnologia Indústria e Comércio S/A of Brazil, for preinoculation of soybean seeds with bradyrhizobia, in the presence of agrichemicals. Our results demonstrate improved bacterial survival for up to 30 days after inoculation, without compromising nodulation, N2-fixation, and yield in the field.
(1989). a metodologia de lin e binns (1988), de fácil interpretação, foi eficiente em recomendar cultivares de alto rendimento e boa estabilidade, e os materiais mais responsivos, o menor P i e a alta correlação negativa de spearman, entre o rendimento de grãos. Concluiu-se que a metodologia de lin e binns é bastante discriminante e, quando associada ao w i , oferece maior segurança na recomendação de cultivares com maior estabilidade. Palavras-chave:Triticum aestivum L., produção de grãos, adaptabilidade e estabilidade, interação genótipo x ambiente. ABSTRACT meThods For anaLysis oF adapTaBiLiTy and sTaBiLiTy oF wheaT CuLTivars For paraná sTaTe, BraziLThis investigation had the objective to evaluate grain yield adaptability and stability of 17 wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) for paraná state, Brazil, occording to four different methods. The experiments were carried out in 2007, at different locations of paraná, in complete randomized blocks experimental design, with 4 replicates. The Wricke (1965) methodology indicates stable cultivars, independently of average yield. eberhart and russell (1966) and cruz et al. (1989) methodologies were equally efficient to evaluate stability and indicate cultivars that are stable and also adapted to favorable and unfavorable environments. lin and binns (1988) methodology showed to be of easy interpretation and was efficient to indicate cultivars of high yield and with good stability, where more responsive materials showed a lesser P i , and high negative correlation of spearman between grain yields. it was concluded that LIN and BINNS methodology is very specific and when associated to W i offers more assurance in recommending cultivars for high stability.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., grain yield, adaptability and stability, genotype x environment interaction.
RESUMO Com objetivo de caracterizar os cultivares de milho
Resumo -O enxofre é um componente de proteínas e aminoácidos em plantas, sendo exigido em boa quantidade por leguminosas, pelo alto acúmulo de proteínas nessas espécies. Com isso, este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a influência de diferentes fontes de enxofre sobre a produtividade de grãos na cultura da soja. O experimento foi instalado na área experimental da Fundação MS, em Maracajú, MS, em três anos consecutivos no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, submetidas à análise de variância conjunta. Foram implantadas as cultivares BRS-133 (2002/03 e 2003/04) e CD 202 (2004. Como tratamento foram avaliados: as adições de enxofre na forma de superfosfato simples, MAP sulfurado + Sulfurgran, Sulfurgran, enxofre elementar, gesso granulado, Fosmag 509M6, gesso agrícola a lanço e testemunha, sem a aplicação. A soja responde à aplicação de enxofre em solos das regiões do cerrado brasileiro, sendo necessária, na maioria das vezes, a fertilização com este nutriente para obtenção de altas produtividades. A grande maioria das fontes de enxofre utilizadas foi eficiente em fornecer este nutriente para a soja, com destaque para a aplicação de MAP Sulfurado + Sulfurgran, Formag 509M6 e gesso agrícola a lanço, que promoveram as melhores produtividades de grãos. O enxofre elementar não foi eficiente em disponibilizar S para a cultura.Palavras-chave -Soja. Plantas-efeito do enxofre. Cerrado brasileiro.Abstract -Sulphur is a component of protein and aminoacids in plants, being required in an expressive amount by leguminous, as function of high protein levels in these plants. Then, this work aimed to verify the influence of different sulphur sources on soybean grain yield. The experiment was carried out at the experimental area of Fundação MS, Maracajú, MS, in three consecutive years in a randomized block design with four replications, submitted to variance analysis of group experiments. The cultivars used were BRS-133 (2002/03 and 2003/04) and CD 202 (2004. As treatments, it was evaluated the application of sulfur as Simple Superphosphate, MAP sulphured + Sulfurgran, Sulfurgran, elemental sulphur, granulated gypsum, Fosmag 509M6, agricultural gypsum throwed on surface, and a witness without application. Soybean crop answer is positive to soil applied sulphur in Brazilian cerrado soils, in most of the time to obtain higher grain yield. Most of S sources were efficient to provide this nutrient for soybean, highlighting the applications of MAP Sulphured + Sulfurgran, Formag 509M6 and agricultural gypsum, that promoted the highest soybean grain yield. Elemental sulphur was not efficient to provide available S for the crop.Key words -Soybean. Plants-sulphur effect. Brazilian cerrado.* Autor para correspondência 1 Recebido para publicação em 24/06/2010; aprovado em 02/05/2011 Trabalho de pesquisa realizado na Fundação MS, de Maracajú-MS 2 Fundação MS para pesquisa e difusão de tecnologias agropecuárias, Maracajú-MS, Brasil, dirceu
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.