Introduction:The aim of this study was to assess quality of life in patients undergoing implantation of a Dohlman keratoprosthesis.Materials and methods: Cross-sectional controlled, with patients undergoing implant Dohlman keratoprosthesis type I at the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre between September 2005 and May 2013. Two questionnaires of quality of life were administered in these patients SF-36 and VF-14. Furthermore, a retrospective patient charts analysis was performed.Results: Keratoprosthesis implant surgery was performed in 33 eyes of 26 patients. A statistically significant difference was found between groups (separated by visual acuity) for the questionnaire of visual acuity (p=0.01). In SF-36 domains, there were difference in general health (p=0.036), vitality (p=0.028) and mental health (p=0.037). On the Spearman correlation analysis, 5 of the 8 domains of the SF-36, correlated with visual questionnaire (VF-14), when analyzed for the entire sample. When we separated the analysis by subgroups (according to visual acuity), in the group of lowest visual acuity had only one domain correlation (mental health). In the group of best vision, the 5 domains remained with a positive association. Conclusion:Patients with greater visual acuity showed better results in the VF-14 responses, with a statistically significant difference between groups.