This paper adopts the method of multisource big data fusion to conduct an in-depth study and analysis of precision poverty alleviation and uses big data statistical analysis model to explore and analyze it. Combining the characteristics of big data itself and the development of precision poverty alleviation, it focuses on the exploration of big data and introduces the background, development status, and achieved results of poverty alleviation with typical cases, followed by the analysis of the problems in the process of big data precision poverty alleviation and the study of the improvement path of big data technology precision poverty alleviation. Through the comparative analysis of the simulation accuracy of three models, the results show that the random forest model has the lowest error rate, after which the importance degree of indicators is derived using the model. In addition, the empirical analysis of the preprocessed sample data for multidimensional identification of poor households yields the contribution rate of each dimensional indicator that leads to multidimensional poverty of farm households, establishing scientific judging criteria to accurately judge whether farm households are poor on the one hand and selecting accurate identification methods to achieve accurate identification of poor households on the other hand. The tenfold crossover method is used to verify the errors in the test sample set. When the number of classification trees is greater than 100, it will gradually increase. Therefore, it is most appropriate to select the number of trees as 100. The multidimensional accurate identification model of farm household poverty constructed in this paper has an accuracy rate of 90.26% for the identification of poor households. By analyzing the accuracy rate of model identification and the contribution rate of multidimensional indicators leading to the poverty of farm households at the same time, the poverty degree of farm households under each dimensional indicator is derived, to accurately identify the poor households and their poverty status. The results show that the multidimensional accurate identification model of farm household poverty has the accurate identification ability and application value in the identification problem of poor households, and through the implementation of the model algorithm, a good application environment of accurate identification of poverty is created, which provides technical support to help poverty alleviation work and improve the accuracy of identification of poor households.