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We present the development of a time-and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy based on a Yb-based femtosecond laser and a hemispherical electron analyzer. The energy of the pump photon is tunable between 1.4 and 1.9 eV, and the pulse duration is around 30 fs. We use a KBe2BO3F2 non-linear optical crystal to generate probe pulses, of which the photon energy is up to 6.7 eV, and obtain an overall time resolution of 1 ps and energy resolution of 18 meV. In addition, β-BaB2O4 crystals are used to generate alternative probe pulses at 6.05 eV, giving an overall time resolution of 130 fs and energy resolution of 19 meV. We illustrate the performance of the system with representative data on several samples (Bi2Se3, YbCd2Sb2, FeSe). arXiv:2003.00515v1 [cond-mat.str-el] 1 Mar 2020 * wentaozhang@sjtu.edu.cn 1 A. Damascelli, Z. Hussain, and Z.-X. Shen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 473 (2003).

It is well known that a fine and homogeneous distribution of Y2BaCuO5 (Y211) phase particles in single-grain Y-Ba-Cu-O (YBCO) bulk superconductors is essential for improving field-trapping ability. However, the size and concentration of Y211 phase particles in the fully melt-processed superconducting bulk increase significantly with the distance from the seed, which results in the accumulation of Y211 phase particles and the degradation of superconducting properties. In this paper, we report a new method of fabricating single-grain YBCO using layered precursor pellets. Using the top-seeded melt-textured growth process, single-grain YBCO bulk superconductors of about 22 mm in diameter and 9 mm in thickness were fabricated from layered precursor pellets and standard precursor pellets, respectively. The layered precursor pellets consist of precursor powders with 40 mol% Y211 at the top, 30 mol% Y211 in the middle and 20 mol% Y211 at the bottom of the whole pellets, while standard precursor pellets are prepared from precursor powders with only 40 mol% Y211. The growth morphology, microstructure and magnetic flux properties of the layered samples and standard samples were comparatively studied. The results proved that the layered precursor pellets allow a sufficient growth in the c-growth sector and a more uniform distribution of the Y211 phase in the matrix. The distribution of Y211 phase particles is qualitatively explained by the prevalent trapping/pushing theory. The trapped field at 77 K reaches 0.8 T, nearly 29% higher than the standard sample. The present results are very valuable for further improving the properties of YBCO bulk superconductors.

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