2Cheng, Z. et al. Status and characteristics of ambient PM2.5 pollution in global megacities.

Cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an important fruit crop species whose fruits are enjoyed by many worldwide. An octoploid of hybrid origin, the complex genome of this species was recently sequenced, serving as a key reference genome for cultivated strawberry and related species of the Rosaceae family. The current annotation of the F. ananassa genome mainly relies on ab initio predictions and, to a lesser extent, transcriptome data. Here, we present the structure and functional reannotation of the F. ananassa genome based on one PacBio full-length RNA library and ninety-two Illumina RNA-Seq libraries. This improved annotation of the F. ananassa genome, v1.0.a2, comprises a total of 108,447 gene models, with 97.85% complete BUSCOs. The models of 19,174 genes were modified, 360 new genes were identified, and 11,044 genes were found to have alternatively spliced isoforms. Additionally, we constructed a strawberry genome database (SGD) for strawberry gene homolog searching and annotation downloading. Finally, the transcriptome of the receptacles and achenes of F. ananassa at four developmental stages were reanalyzed and qualified, and the expression profiles of all the genes in this annotation are also provided. Together, this study provides an updated annotation of the F. ananassa genome, which will facilitate genomic analyses across the Rosaceae family and gene functional studies in cultivated strawberry.

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The present study surveyed the ability of 21 strains of cariogenic streptococci of the "mutans" group to bind to human type 1 collagen adsorbed on hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces. All strains of Streptococcus cricetus (serotype a) and Streptococcus rattus (serotype b) tested attached strongly to collagen-treated HA (C-HA). Streptococcus mutans strains of serotype c and Streptococcus sobrinus strains of serotype d or g attached poorly; or not at all, to C-HA. S. mutans strains OMZ-175 (serotype f) and B14 (serotype e) were exceptions which exhibited significant binding to C-HA. Binding of S. cricetus AHT and S. rattus LB-1 to C-HA occurred in a dose-dependent manner, and was specific since it was inhibited by the presence of soluble collagen, but not by egg albumin, or by human fibrinogen or fibronectin. Binding occurred maximally between pH 6 and 8 and was not affected by any of several sugars tested. Trypsin treatment the streptococci had little affect, but heating at 100 degrees C reduced their ability to bind to C-HA.