Purpose Islamic attributes and activities need to be developed in compliance with the halal concept to attract potential Muslim tourists and ensure the success of halal tourism. Although the literature shows that many factors can influence the success of halal tourism, a complete picture of the success factors of halal tourism in a city is still very limited. As such, this explorative study aims to examine stakeholders’ perspectives regarding the antecedents of halal tourism success and the benefits of halal tourism for the city. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative system dynamics modeling was used for this study, and Makassar (a successful halal tourism city) was considered as the basis for the study. A causal loop diagram (CLD) of halal tourism was developed using the group model building technique to elicit stakeholders’ knowledge and assumptions. Network analysis and feedback loop analysis were used to identify the driving factors of successful halal tourism. Findings Two factors need to be taken into account by halal tourism stakeholders in the city: support from the central and local government and improving and maintaining potential tourists’ perceptions of the city. There are four benefits of halal tourism success for the city: an increase in the number of micro-, small- and medium-sized halal businesses in the city, increased support from the central and local government to further develop halal tourism infrastructure in the city, increased word-of-mouth promotion of Makassar as a tourism destination and a decrease in the price of halal tourism components (e.g. food and accommodation). Originality/value The resulting CLD shows the interlinkage between political, societal and economical factors that could influence the success of halal tourism development. In particular, the findings show how governments and tourism stakeholders need to promote halal tourism socialization in the community and improve the public perception of this type of tourism. Therefore, the findings can help destination stakeholders and tourism developers in other cities develop halal tourism potential.

This study aims to analyze (LibQual): the effect of the performance of officers (affect of service) on user satisfaction; the effect of information access on user satisfaction; the influence of instructions and means of access (personal control) to the satisfaction of users; the effect of facilities and infrastructure (library as a place) on user satisfaction; the effect of the satisfaction of the visitors on the user loyalty; the effect (LibQual) on the loyalty of the visitors; the effect (LibQual) on the loyalty of the visitors through the variable user satisfaction. The data analysis method uses Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Lisrel 8.8 software. Respondents in this study were 180 students from YARSI University. This study presents a relative risk as a measure of effect size for categorical outcomes. Findings. The results of this study indicate that the LibQual component has a positive and significant influence on the visitors’ satisfaction and loyalty directly. Library satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on the loyalty of users directly. The LibQual component has a positive and significant indirect effect on loyalty through user satisfaction.