Because of the adverse effect of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion on the earth's ecosystems, the most cost-effective method for CO2 capture is an important area of research. The predominant process for CO2 capture currently employed by industry is chemical absorption in amine solutions. A dynamic model for the de-absorption process was developed with monoethanolamine (MEA) solution. Henry's law was used for modelling the vapour phase equilibrium of the CO2, and fugacity ratios calculated by the Peng-Robinson equation of state (EOS) were used for H2O, MEA, N-2 and O-2. Chemical reactions between CO2 and MEA were included in the model along with the enhancement factor for chemical absorption. Liquid and vapour energy balances were developed to calculate the liquid and vapour temperature, respectively.

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The aim of this project was to design a biogas process to recovery energy from the applewaste for Epleblomsten juice factory, The apple waste was proposed to be treated byextracting a liquid with high organic content from the solid apple waste and treating thisleachate, From other studies the apple waste leachate organic content had been found to be inthe range from 80 to 180 kg COD/m3_ These values and information regarding the leachatecomposition were used to design and simulate various full scale processes, The factory energyrequirement was estimated at 400 kWh during full production and reactor was designed andsimulated at the various leachate concentrations to produce enough energy to meet thedemand of the factory, It was found that a traditional completely stirred mixed reactor (CSTR)required a volume of-74 m3 to produce enough biogas for the energy demand while a UASBreactor of 18,5 m3 volume was detem1ined capable of producing the same peak biogasdemand, The UASB process requires a relatively particle free feed, obtained by extracting aleachate from the solids, It is therefore concluded that a high efficiency biogas process can beobtained by treating leachate instead of the whole waste slurry, It was also theoreticallydetermined that the biogas from the waste leachate can meet the factory energy demand allyear around and energy (biogas) production rates could be adjusted by adjusting the feed ofleachate to the reactor,

Biogas production can be used to recover energy from wet organic waste such as food industry residues. In this study, residues from apple juice production at the Epleblomsten juice production plant (Norway) are analyzed to determine the biogas potential.A series of batch experiments with different initial feed concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5 and I 0%) of the leachate from the apple residues are carried out to find the total biogas potential and to investigate the composition of the leachate. These experiments were also simulated by the ADM I (Anaerobic digestion model No. I) in Aquasim as a method to estimate the chemical composition of the leachate. According to the batch experimental data together with the simulation results it was estimated that the leachate organic matter consisted mainly of sugar and some organic acids. The estimated concentrations were used in a follow-up study to design and simulate a full scale process. The initial feed concentrations of I and 2% gave high biogas yields, while 5 and I 0% caused an overload and relatively low biogas yields. The biogas production potential was measured as the volume of biogas produced per I L feed consumed. There is no significant relationship between the residue leachate content and the gas compositions. The COD content of the feed was calculated to be about 160 g COD/L.

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