The purpose of the article is to identify the features and problems of spatial development of the regions of the North of the Russian Far East. The research was carried out under the project “Modeling the spatial development scenarios of Siberia and the Far East of Russia until 2030: features of the resettlement system” (RFBR grant No. 19-010-00836 A), which won the RFBR competition “Fundamental Scientific Research Projects”. The study is being conducted by the team of the Department of Geourbanistics & Spatial Development of ISPR FCTAS RAS since 2019 and is intended to last for three years. The main goal is to assess the current state of the resettlement system, develop strategic prospects and model alternative scenarios for the spatial development of the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. A key feature is the use of interdisciplinary methods based on a combination of economic, mathematical, sociological, statistical and scenario approaches to research. From a practical point of view, the project results will help to plan more rationally the spatial development the spatial development of the country’s regions. The analysis shows that the sociological methods of spatial research have large reserves but are not yet used to the full capacity. This article discusses the current problems of spatial development of the north of the Russian Far East. On the basis of the authors’ development of the empirical research model by a group of scientists of ISPR FCTAS RAS, in August 2019, the survey of respondents of the Kamchatka Krai, the Magadan Oblast` and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug was conducted. The results of the opinion poll made it possible to identify differences in migration preferences, a number of features of the economic potential capacity and the quality of infrastructure, and the social sphere of the Far Eastern regions of the country.

The study focuses on company towns of the Ural Federal District (UFD). Based on the analysis of the features of these settlements’ development, their typology was built as a tool for identifying the potential; and promising models and scenarios of spatial development were suggested. The research is based on the analysis of statistical materials, regulatory and legislative acts of the Russian Federation, as well as unconnected observations and expert interviews conducted by the authors on expeditions in 2020-2022. The study showed that among the company towns of the UFD region, settlements with a difficult socio-economic situation or with risks of its deterioration prevail. In addition, company towns form single-industry districts in the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. Promising scenarios of spatial development of Ural mono-settlements are considered: «local» (the development of company towns only by the administrations of cities and settlements), «regional» (participation in the development of company towns of forces and means at the regional level) and «federal» (the development of company towns with the help of a purposeful, coordinated state policy at the level of the whole country). For a more visual visualization of the results, the mapping method in the original development was used. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that with synchronized federal and regional support, the classic resource specializations of company towns can develop in the branches of a new techno paradigm. In order to systematically improve the situation in the mono–settlements of the Urals and prevent crisis phenomena in them, first of all, measures are needed aimed at increasing the competitiveness of city-forming enterprises, as well as increasing the social burden of large businesses – owners of city-forming enterprises.

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The subject of the study is the settlement systems of the Siberian and the Far East Federal Districts. This article considers the settlement system not only in the context of the spatial organization of society and the territorial organization of productive forces, but also as a derivative of the economic model of the State. Data on the dynamics of population size and density, migration indicators for the subjects of macroregions are presented, and regional types of settlement systems are structured. The importance of a qualitative change in the system of population placement in Siberia and the Far East for creating an internationally competitive network of settlements is emphasized. Within the frame of the main prospects for transformation of the Russian settlement system and its ordering there are considered perspective scenarios: "Priority" (active State regulation of settlement), "Progressive" (free self-organization of settlement) and "Inertial" (mixed transformation of settlement systems). In view of this, the typology of the "second" and "third" cities in the Siberian and Far East regions is given as a complex basis for spatial or supporting frameworks of settlement systems.

The article deals with the actual problems of spatial development of the regions of Eastern Siberia south. The results of a sociological study in the republics of Buryatia, Tyva, Khakassia and Zabaykalsky Krai, conducted in September-October 2021, are analyzed. The sample is based on a model, using key characteristics of the general population, based on the principles of quota-proportional and territorial methods. The total sample size is 467 respondents. The empirical object of the study is the adult population of the regions. The social situation of the population of Eastern Siberia south, migration attitudes and attitudes towards labor migrants from abroad, assessments of the economic situation and the dynamics of the development of key enterprises in four regions are considered. The opinions, assessments and comments of local residents on the demographic and migration situation, the main socio-economic indicators of regional development are given. The socio-demographic and socio-economic situation in Eastern Siberia as a whole is compared. The study was carried out under the RFBR project “Modeling scenarios of spatial development of Siberia and the Russian Far East until 2030: features of the settlement system”. The main goal is to assess the current state of the settlement system, develop strategic prospects and model variant scenarios for the spatial development of the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are given and recommendations are offered.