The use of fish waste as raw material in producing gelatin becomes important when it is related to the halal perspective. Sea bass skin contains high protein, especially collagen protein which can be used as the main component of edible film. An edible film made from gelatin of fish skin usually lacks water vapour transmission due to its hydrophilic properties. Modification of formula in producing an edible film from fish gelatin with the addition of lipid such palmitic acid (PA treatment) and soybean protein isolate (SPI treatment) can affect the characteristics of the edible film resulted. This study was aimed to evaluate the chemical (solubility, water vapour permeability) and physical characteristics (thickness, tensile strength, per cent elongation, SEM) of an edible film made from gelatin with the addition of palmitic acid and soybean protein isolate with different concentration. The results showed that edible films with SPI addition yield the best film thickness (<2.5 mm) while PA addition resulted in better tensile strength of the films (>3.92 MPa) according to the Japanese Industrial Standard. The per cent elongation of both films with PA (21.3-34.44%) and SPI (36.06-117.53%) addition decreased with increasing concentration, but SPI generally gave higher elongation compared to PA. The addition of SPI gave lower solubility and higher water vapour transmission values compared to PA, however, the addition of 4.5% of PA gave the lowest water vapour transmission (5.416 g/m2 h). Therefore, the best treatment in this study was concluded to be 4% of SPI addition based on the best thickness, per cent elongation, water vapour transmission and solubility results.
<span class="fontstyle0">Infertilitas masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia termasuk Indonesia. World Health Organization<br />(WHO) secara global memperkirakan adanya kasus infertil pada 8%-10% pasangan, berdasarkan<br />gambaran global populasi maka sekitar 50-80 juta pasangan (1 dari 7 pasangan). Orang Arab percaya<br />bahwa sari kurma dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan kehamilan, bahkan beberapa orang Indonesia pun<br />mempercayai dan telah membuktikannya. Kandungan utama buah kurma yang bekerja sebagai<br />antioksidan kuat yaitu fenolik dan flavonoid. Antioksidan tersebut berfungsi untuk menghentikan<br />reaksi berantai akibat stres oksidatif yang akan menghasilkan molekul pro-oksidan atau spesies<br />oksigen reaktif. Antioksidan ini dapat memberikan efek pada kualitas oosit, interaksi sperma dan sel<br />telur, implantasi dan perkembangan embrionik awal. Maka upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi<br />permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan pembuatan formulasi SNEDDS buah kurma muda sebagai antiinfertilitas. Partikel zat aktif yang berukuran kecil akan meningkatkan luas permukaan secara<br />signifikan sehingga mampu menambah kelarutan, laju disolusi, dan absorpsi zat aktif di dalam tubuh.<br />Hasil SNE yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer, Electrophoretic Light<br />Scattering, dan Cone and Plat Brookfield. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan sediaan<br />SNEDDS untuk mengatasi masalah infertilitas melalui penggunaan buah kurma muda, sediaan<br />kemudian dikemas dalam bentuk sachet supaya lebih menarik, praktis, mudah dibawa, dan<br />memudahkan dalam penggunaan sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dalam<br />meminum obat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nanoemulsi ekstrak buah kurma muda yang<br />dikembangkan memiliki ukuran globul 10-20 nm (dengan kurva distribusi ukuran globul normal), nilai<br />indeks polidispersitas kurang dari 1, dan potensial zeta lebih besar dari (-20) mV.</span> <br /><br />
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