Abs ract : Measurements of the surface pressure on a simplified automobile model have been performed using pressure-sensitive paint (PSP). The program was undertaken to investigate the use of commercial and in-house PSP at low speed (between 11 m/s and 92 m/s) and to find techniques to improve the measurement accuracy. A comparison of a priori and in situ calibration methods was also conducted. A linear in situ calibration or a priori methods combined with one tap pressure, correcting for bias errors, were found to provide the best accuracy. t

AeroVelo initiated the Atlas Human-Powered Helicopter Project in August 2011 to win the AHS Sikorsky Prize, which despite prior attempts had remained unclaimed for over 30 years. The Sikorsky Prize required a human-powered helicopter to sustain flight for 60 s, momentarily reach a height of 3 m, and maintain position within a 10 m × 10 m area. A configuration study was undertaken using low-fidelity aerodynamic analysis and estimated mass figures. An aerostructural optimization framework was developed for rotor design, including a novel vortex-ring aerodynamic model with included ground effect prediction, finite-element analysis including integrated composite failure analysis, and a detailed weight estimation scheme. The airframe was composed of a wire-braced truss structure, and innovative designs were developed for many of the aircraft's lightweight-focused subsystems. After initial flight testing in August 2012, experimental optimization and performance improvement led to a second testing program beginning in January 2013. Testing in 2013 led to a reduction in required power, improved understanding of structural dynamics, and control strategy. The project culminated with the successful AHS Sikorsky Prize flight on

No abstract

No abstract

Mid-infrared spectromicroscopy studies on biological tissue sections require accurate identification of tumor-bearing areas in histology-stained and infrared-unstained tissue sections. Concordance was achieved as follows: paired stained and unstained thin (5 microm) human brain tumor cryosections mounted on slides were scanned with a Nikon Coolscan 4000 film scanner at 4000 dpi, edited with Adobe Photoshop CS2 software, and both digital images saved. A digital tractile grid, developed in our laboratory, was overlaid onto both images. Boundaries of tumor-containing areas in stained sections were identified by light microscopy, and a digital boundary map constructed. The map was transferred onto the unstained spectromicroscopy tissue image, and finally layered onto the gridded, equisized, spectromicroscope-generated overview image prior to Fourier transform infrared spectromicroscopy. Accurate identification of tumor-bearing areas, normal brain tissue and transitional zones allowed for meaningful interpretation of respective spectral patterns in detecting subtle differences within biochemical profiles. This is the first reported method of a standardized technique for ensuring concordance in mapping of malignant tumors by mid-infrared spectromicroscopy. This technique is applicable to all biological thin tissue sections, and serves to enhance accuracy of concordance between globar- and synchrotron-light generated infrared data with that obtained by conventional light microscopy.