This article has been peer reviewed and published immediately upon acceptance.It is an open access article, which means that it can be downloaded, printed, and distributed freely, provided the work is properly cited. Articles in "Folia Morphologica" are listed in PubMed.

This paper concerns the issues relating to adjourned delivery of judgment in criminal cases, which are regulated in Article 411 of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure. The author presents the pragmatic aspects of this procedure, discusses the underlying rationale and timeframe for its application, as well as the procedural consequences if the above are violated. In this regard, the author questions the concept of considering a violation of Article 411 of the Polish Code of Criminal Procedure as a quasi-absolute ground for an appeal resulting in the necessity of reversing the judgment.

Our objective was to analyse the newest relevant data on worldwide prevalence and associated symptoms of renal agenesis (RA). This meta‐analysis builds on previous systematic reviews to include bilateral RA, its symptoms and data on gender, unilateral RA and anomaly location prevalence. Review of available data included records in English and other languages from PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SciELO, BIOSIS, Current Content Connect Korean Journal Database and Russian Citation Index and Google. A total of 15 641 184 patients were analysed in relation to the prevalence of RA. The pooled prevalence of RA was 0.03% (95% CI: 0.03%–0.04%). Based on 500 subjects, a pooled prevalence of 47.96% (95% CI: 31.55%–64.58%) for unilateral and 52.04% (95% CI: 35.42%–68.45%) for bilateral RA has been set. Our study presents the newest generalized findings on bilateral RA. There appears to be universal disease and symptom prevalence with minor differences between world regions, although quality of future observational research should include genomic data. This will provide even further insight into the prognosis of various renal anomalies and their etiologies.

This article has been peer reviewed and published immediately upon acceptance.It is an open access article, which means that it can be downloaded, printed, and distributed freely, provided the work is properly cited. Articles in "Folia Morphologica" are listed in PubMed.