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Our findings show that the meibomian gland is an androgen target organ and that androgen deficiency may promote meibomian gland dysfunction and evaporative dry eye. Overall, these results support our hypothesis that androgen deficiency may be an important etiologic factor in the pathogenesis of evaporative dry eye in women with Sjögren's syndrome.

Since receptors for both male and female sex hormones are present in human corneas of both genders, we postulate that the receptors may influence the biological functions of corneal cells through direct interaction with specific hormones.

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