The appearance of Hanganutziu and Deicher (HD) antibody in the sera of patients suffering from various diseases, including malignancies of some organs and liver disorders, was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using N-glycolylneuraminyl-lactosylceramide (HD3) and 4-O-acetyl-HD3 as the antigenic molecules. More than 25% of sera from patients suffering from malignancies, cholelithiasis and liver cirrhosis had HD antibody, whereas none of 41 sera from healthy persons had HD antibody. The percentage of HD antibody-positive patients was similar in stages I, II and III of gastric cancer and recurrence cases. Antibody titers of the positive patients in each stage were also not different from those in each other stage. These results indicated that HD antigenic expression on cancerous tissue is not dependent on the cancerous malignancy. The HD antibody level was elevated after surgical removal of cancerous tissues in 5 of 6 patients examined, indicating that tumor growth absorbed the serum antibody. Serum antibody against 4-O-acetyl-HD3 was detected independently of HD3 antibody in some cases; however, in most cases, correlation between the two antibody titers was observed.

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The reactivity of 13 antisera specific for the major histocompatibility antigen (MHA) of the B complex against cells in 6 cell lines (MDCC-JP1, JP2, HP1, HP2, RP1, and MSB1), derived from Marek's disease (MD) lymphoma, was compared by using membrane fluorescent antibody, cytotoxicity, and lymphoagglutination tests. The membrane fluorescent antibody test was found to be the most sensitive method for detecting the MHA of the B complex on the MD cell lines. After absorption of these antisera with the homologous erythrocytes, the reactivities of the absorbed sera to the homologous erythrocytes and the MD line cells were reduced or lost altogether. However, after absorbing the antisera reactive for MD cell lines with the respective cell line, the reactivities of the absorbed sera to the line cells were not detected at all when examined by the above tests. However, the reactivities of these absorbed sera to the homologous erythrocytes could still be observed when examined by a hemagglutination test. These results indicate that the antisera contain at least two kinds of antibody (against Class I and Class IV antigens), and the three different tests used here are detecting the Class I antigens of MHA on the MD line cells.

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