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Factor XIII is a plasma transglutaminase which acts on the final step in the blood coagulation cascade. 1 Factor XIII exists in plasma as a zymogen and is activated to factor XIIIa by thrombin in the presence of Ca 2+ in a process that reveals a cysteine active center. 2 The enzyme covalently cross-links fibrin monomers and converts soft fibrin clots to hard clots. 3 These clots are less rapidly lysed by agents such as plasmin or tissue plasminogen activator.

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