Extreme sports are sport branches which include actions, adventures, risks and difficulties more rather than other sports. Special materials are used in sport branches such as surfing, kite surfing, sailing, snowboarding, paragliding, diving, mountaineering, motor sports and adrenaline release is more rather than in other sport branches. On the contrary, the situation for being eager to seek excitement and take risks with a view to having new experiences has been observed. It has been considered whether sensation seeking requirement and risk-taking behavior had effects upon each other. The aim of the study was to analyze sensation seeking and risk-taking behavior in extreme athletes. Total 101 extreme athletes including 31 females, 70 males with an age average of 22.03 ± 6.77 participated in the research. In order to determine athletes' sensation seeking levels, "Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking" developed by Arnett (1994) and in order to determine their risk-taking behavior, "Risk Involvement and Perception Scale" developed by Siegel et al. (1994) were used. In evaluation of research data, frequency analysis, independent t test, in determination of relation between risk-taking and sensation seeking, correlation test were utilized.In conclusion, significant differences were found in risk-taking behavior, sensation seeking requirement and gender variable among the extreme athletes. In the male athletes sensation seeking requirement and risk-taking behavior had higher averages than the female athletes. Among the extreme athletes, significant relations were determined between risk-taking behavior and sensation seeking requirement. When risk-taking behavior values were high, sensation seeking requirement values were regarded to be high.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the According to the analysis, the violence in the stadium originating from irresponsible spectators is accounted for 84%, and the role of media has 48%. From the views concerning current law and regulations, 55% of the subjects reply "partially sufficient". 68% of them states that a security of the event should be transferred into private security services. 84% of the subjects indicates that it should be extra payment as long as police officers are tasked.To conclusion, participants indicate that the current "A Violence in Sports Law" is not literally address the needs, it should be pursued different policies concerning the prevention of spectators' aggressions, a coordination with other institutions and especially with judicial authorities is not ensured, a security in the stadium should be provided by private security services, police officers are indifferent towards improvements and alterations in the safety of sports, and they are not educated enough in this field.

Sport High Schools that activate in Turkey and where students who are skilled at sports have their secondary education are found to be suitable place to study on. In this study, it is aimed to study perception of teachers working and students studying in these institutions regarding learning climate. 342 teachers and 557 students that participated in the study voluntarily are considered to be the best universe taking part in the study in daily basis. In terms of data collection tool, Camur’s “Learning Climate Scale” with its Turkish adaptation in the year 2006 is used by considering its sub-dimensions. The participants are reached through sharing prepared research form in on-line social media sport high school groups. In order to find out learning climate perception of both teachers and students, determining statistics is used where, t-test and one-way variance analysis is used for comparing independent samples based on demographic features, and in order to find the relationships in the study, Pearson r relationship analysis is applied. In the end of the analyses made, it is found out that physical education and sports teachers have negative impression about learning climate in sport high schools (n=120, mean=3,304). Teachers of other fields working at sport high schools displayed highly negative impression (n=222, mean=2,828). Students studying at these institutions on the other hand displayed lesser levels of negative impression when compared to teachers (n=557, mean=3,637). As a result, when sport high schools are investigated based on learning climate, it is concluded that; both teachers and students do not meet at an appropriate education environment due to current status in those schools.

İnsanlar hayatları boyunca belirli amaçları gerçekleştirmek için çabalarken bu amaçları gerçekleştirmede onlara yön verecek liderlere ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Bu durum spor yapan insanlar içinde geçerlidir ve gerek bireysel gerek takım sporcusu olsun, kendisini yönlendirecek ve en üst seviyede gelişimlerine katkı sağlayacak liderlere ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Antrenörler, sporcular için genellikle lider konumundadır ve sporcular üzerinde büyük etkisi olmakla beraber başarılı antrenörlerin sporcularla iletişim becerilerinin ve motivasyon seviyesinin daha yüksek olması beklenmektedir. Bu araştırma antrenörlük kurslarına katılan antrenör adaylarının iletişim ve liderlik becerilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Nicel araştırma modelinin benimsendiği bu çalışmada ilişkisel tarama deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2017 yılında Spor Genel Müdürlüğü bünyesinde açılan birinci kademe yardımcı antrenör yetiştirme kurslarına katılan 287 (188 erkek ve 99 kadın) antrenör adayı oluşturmuştur. Üç bölümden oluşan anketin birinci bölümünde "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" kullanılırken, ikinci bölümünde ise Korkut (1996) tarafından geliştirilen "İletişim Becerilerini Değerlendirme Ölçeği" (İBDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Son bölümde ise Luthans (1992) tarafından geliştirilen ve Çömert (1999) tarafından Türkçe'ye uyarlanan "Liderlik Yönelimi Anketi" kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normallik dağılımlarına bakılmış ve normal dağılım göstermediği için non-parametrik testlerden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler Korelasyon, Mann Whitney-U ve Kruskal Wallis H analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuç olarak antrenör adaylarının iletişim becerileri arttıkça göreve yönelik (r =0,55**) ve insana yönelik (r=0,54**) liderlik becerilerinin de arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Göreve yönelik liderlik becerileri artan antrenörlerin insana yönelik liderlik becerilerinde de artış olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Kadınların, erkeklere göre iletişim becerileri (X=158,34, p<0,05) ve insana yönelik (X=163,97, p<0,05) liderlik özelliklerinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.

Introduction