The authors present four cases of vascular lesions and 10 cases of tumors involving the cavernous sinus. They were operated on via a combined orbitozygomatic infratemporal epidural and subdural approach. With this approach, multisided exposure of the cavernous sinus can be achieved via the shortest possible distance with minimal retraction of the neural structures in and around the cavernous sinus. In one patient the carotid artery had been occluded previously, but in the other 13 patients it was preserved. There was no mortality, and all patients except one returned to work within 6 months after surgery.

The quantities of chlorophyll (CHL) A and B, and pheophytin (PHY) A and B in 10 kinds of refined edible oils were estimated by the fluorometric method. The results revealed that CHL and PHY were present in commercial edible oils. PHY A showed the highest content at ca. 67% in total pigments. Compositional ratios of CHL and PHY were similar in different kinds of plant oils. Through the analysis of rapessed oils at every refining step, we determined that PHY is not formed during oil refining. In the autoxidation of soybean oils to which various amounts of CHL mixtures had been added, the peroxide value of tested oils increased in proportion to the total chlorophyll content. In addition, the compositional changes of the 4 components during autoxidation were investigated.

Novel heterocyclic quinol-type fluorophores (4 a-c) and (5 a-c) that contain substituents (R = Me, Bu, Ph) with nonconjugated linkages to the chromophore skeleton have been synthesized and their photophysical properties have been investigated in solution and in the solid state. Considerable differences in the absorption and fluorescence spectra were observed between the two states. Quinols 4 a-c and 5 a-c exhibited almost the same absorption and fluorescence spectra in solution; however, their solid-state fluorescence excitation and emission spectra in the crystalline state were quite different. We performed X-ray crystallographic analyses to elucidate the dramatic effect of the substituents of the nonconjugated linkage on the solid-state fluorescence excitation and emission spectra. The relationships between the solid-state photophysical properties and the chemical and crystal structures of 4 a-c and 5 a-c are discussed on the basis of the X-ray crystal structures.

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