Venous invasion by colorectal carcinoma was found to play an important role in the elevation of the plasma thrombospondin level. Alternatively, a high concentration of thrombospondin may support metastasis and progression of this malignancy.

TTMCT was performed without any difficulty using the thoracoscopic surgical technique, and its therapeutic outcome was satisfactory. This is effective for tumors located just below the top of the diaphragmatic dome.

Transgastrostomal endoscopic surgery is minimally invasive and an efficient tissue-preserving technique for the removal of early gastric carcinoma or submucosal tumor.

These modifications have made TEM easier and will therefore make the procedure available to more surgeons.

No abstract