Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a representative paraneoplastic neurological syndrome. Recently, nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death 1 inhibitor, has been approved for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Careful attention should be paid to immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including neurotoxicity. We herein report a 73-year-old woman with LEMS that occurred during nivolumab treatment for pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma. After the 20th week of nivolumab, she experienced various neurological symptoms such as ptosis, lower limb weakness, and photophobia. Findings from a nerve conduction study and a positive anti-P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibody made a diagnosis of LEMS. Pyridostigmine and 3,4-diaminopyridine temporarily improved her symptoms. This was the first case of LEMS as a neurological irAE. LEMS should be considered as a possible neurological irAE.

No abstract

Black vomit" is a serious disease in chicks and is caused by some kinds of fish meal in the diet. However, the causative compound• has not been identified. In the present study, a new substance, 2-amino-9-(4-imidazolyl)-7-azanonanoic acid, has been jsolated from mackerel meal and named Gizzerosine. This compound caused severe gizzard erosion in chiks within a w~ek when it was fed to them at the level of 2.2 ppm in the diet. Gizzerosine is produced during fish meal manufacturing by the reaction between histidine and protein in .the fish meat. The discovery of Gizzerosine raises a new problem in food chemistry and animal nutrition.

No abstract