The major control of pest stored Lasioderma serricorne for using synthetic pesticides, look like phosphine. Although quite effective, synthetic pesticides have a negative effect on the environment, such as pest resistance, deadly natural enemies, residues that are harmful to the environment and human health. The use of botanical pesticides as an alternative control be the focus this study. Botanical pesticides are selective to the target, safe for non-target insects and the environment. This research studies the repellent and fumigant activity of the leaf extract of Citrus hystrix against all L. serricorne life stage. The results of GC-MS analysis of leaf crude extracts of C. hystrix with N-hexane solvent showed the highest percentage in the citronellal compound (86.43%). C. hystrix leaf extract showed stronger fumigant against pupae and eggs, compared adults, and larvae. The toxicity of the leaf extract of C. hystrix increased with increasing concentration. At a concentration of 60 ppm, fumigant activity showed the toxicity of 98.75% (pupae), 93.75% (eggs), 86.25% (adults) and 76.25% (larvae). Sequentially the LC50 value of fumigant activity from the highest to the lowest as follows; larvae 47.56 ppm, adults 43.42 ppm, eggs 31.61 and pupae 29.63 ppm. Extract of leaves of C. hystrix, have character repellent against L. serricorne. At a concentration of 60 ppm the IR value of 66% including repellent class IV, which means strong repellent level. Based on the results of the research, extracts of leaves of C. hystrix has a fumigant activity and repellent for controlling L. serricorne.

No abstract

Sonokembang (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) is native of Asia trees, and commonly planted in large numbers as shade trees along roads in Malang. Research was conducted on 76 roads to identify damage intensity of dying trees on sonokembang and clarify the causal agent of dying trees in Malang from May to December 2012. Seven variables was also investigated such as characteristic of tree`s damage, distribution of holes based on sunlight exposure, vertical position of stem, and stem diameter, morphological characteristic of beetle, the intensity of dying trees, and distribution of dying trees. Results showed that there were unique damaging characteristic such as dying and then fallen leaves, holes on the stem and branches, and frass production. Euplatypus parallelus Fabricius was identified as a causal agent of dying sonokembang. There were some indications shown such as beetles preferred to attack stem side with much sunlight exposure, upper stem and medium or bigger size of stem diameter. From 3,206 trees on 76 roads, 69.7% were found dying trees. In dry and rainy season, the intensity of dying trees increased from 8.14 to 9.76% and from 10.26 to 10.79%, respectively.

No abstract

Abstract. Tarno H, Octavia E, Himawan T, Setiawan Y. 2022. Detection of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) Using Cue-Lure and Methyl Eugenol in Steiner Traps in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4202-4208. Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are one of the most economically important insect pests worldwide. Two types of attractants are recommended for monitoring and controlling fruit flies: methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL). The objective of this study was to investigate the species richness and abundance of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) using methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL) in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted in three sites of fruit orchards in Bogor District i.e., Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense), Lemon (Citrus limon), Papaya (Carica papaya) and two sites of fruit orchards in Depok District i.e., carambola (Averrhoa carambola) and guavas (Psidium guajava). Male fruit flies were trapped using Steiner traps baited with methyl eugenol (ME) and cue-lure (CL). There were 11 fruit fly species collected from this study i.e., Bactrocera albistrigata, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. neocognata, B. umbrosa, B. verbascifoliae, Dacus conopsoides, D. longicornis, Zeugodacus calumniata, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae. In this study, B. was , D. conopsoides, D. longicornis, and Z. caudatus were only collected in Steiner traps baited with CL and B. dorsalis and B. umbrosa also only responded to ME. During sampling periods, 20,217 male adult fruit flies were collected. The highest relative abundance attracted to ME was B. carambolae and CL was Z. cucurbitae.  In this study, B. albistrigata, B. calumniate, D. longicornis, Z. caudatus and Z. cucurbitae were significantly more attracted to CL than ME. Whereas, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. umbrosa, and B. verbascifoliae were significantly more attracted to ME than CL. Our study showed also did not find invasive species in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Our study can be used as a method for monitoring and controlling fruit flies, namely Steiner trap with CL for Z. cucurbitae and Steiner trap with ME for B. carambolae, B. dorsalis and B. umbrosa in Depok City and Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia.