We report on the demonstration of liquid organic dye lasers based on 9-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole (EHCz), so-called liquid carbazole, doped with green- and red-emitting laser dyes. Both waveguide and Fabry-Perot type microcavity fluidic organic dye lasers were prepared by capillary action under solvent-free conditions. Cascade Förster-type energy transfer processes from liquid carbazole to laser dyes were employed to achieve color-variable amplified spontaneous emission and lasing. Overall, this study provides the first step towards the development of solvent-free fluidic organic semiconducting lasers and demonstrates a new kind of optoelectronic applications for liquid organic semiconductors.

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In this article we describe the electrochemical method for fabricating Erbium-doped siliconrich oxide (SRO) planar waveguides. The porosity, Erion concentration and the refractive index can be controlled by varying the current density (continuous or pulse currents) during the production process. The refractive index difference between the core and the cladding layers and the profile of SRO waveguides tested by m-Iine spectrometer and by FE-SEM. The photo-luminescent (PL) emission of Er-ions at 1550 nm in the SRO waveguides can be obtained even when the excitation wavelength was away from resonance absorption band of Er-ions. This result revealed that the observed emission at 1550 nm is possible due to the energy transfer from excitons confined in the nc-Si to Er-ions. The Er-doped SRO waveguides can be applied to optoelectronic devices compatible to Si-based integrated circuit technology.