AbstrakC-fikosianin adalah senyawa pigmen-aksesori fotosintetik berwarna biru yang terkandung dalam sianobakteria. Jaaginema sp. BTM-11 merupakan sianobakteria laut yang memiliki potensi sebagai penghasil pigmen C-fikosianin karena kandungannya yang tinggi. Nilai ekonomis pigmen C-fikosianin sangat ditentukan oleh rasio kemurnian yang dimilikinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemurnian pigmen C-fikosianin dari ekstrak sianobakteria laut Jaaginema sp. BTM-11 dengan menggunakan kitosan dan arang aktif. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi kitosan (0,075-3,750 g/L) dan konsentrasi arang aktif (2,5-10 g/L). Toksisitas C-fikosianin diuji dengan menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) untuk mendapatkan nilai Konsentrasi Letal-50 (LC50). Penggunaan kitosan konsentrasi 0,3 g/L yang dilanjutkan dengan penggunaan arang aktif konsentrasi 5,0 g/L berhasil meningkatkan rasio kemurnian pigmen C-fikosianin sebesar 57,5 dan 167,5%, secara berturut-turut. Kapasitas pengikatan kitosan dan kapasitas penjerapan arang aktif secara signifikan berhasil meningkatkan kemurnian C-fikosianin dari awalnya 0,900±0,067 menjadi 2,408±0,171. Peningkatan rasio kemurnian C-fikosianin juga diikuti dengan peningkatan toksisitas fraksi C-fikosianin sianobakteria laut Jaaginema sp. BTM-11. Nilai LC50 ekstrak Jaaginema sp. BTM-11 sebelum pemurnian yang sebesar 15,75 ppm meningkat menjadi 12,06 ppm setelah dimurnikan dengan kitosan dan arang aktif. Enhancement of Purity and Toxicity of C-Phycocyanin Pigment Extracted from Marine Cyanobacteria Jaaginema sp. BTM-11 Using Chitosan and Activated CarbonAbstractC-phycocyanin is a blue colored accessory photosynthetic pigment found in cyanobacteria. Jaaginema sp. BTM-11 is marine cyanobacteria which is potential to be used as C-phycocyanin producer due to its high contents. The economical value of the blue pigment, C-phycocyanin, is determined by its purity. This research aimed to enhancing the purity of C-phycocyanin extracted from marine cyanobacteria of Jaaginema sp. BTM-11 using chitosan and activated carbon. The independent variables of this research were chitosan concentration (0.075-3.750 g/L) and activated carbon concentration (2.50-10.0 g/L). The toxicity test of C-phycocyanin was carried out using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method to obtain the Lethal Concentration-50 (LC50) value. The application of 0.3 g/L chitosan continued by of 5.0 g/L activated carbon was successfully increased the purity of C-phycocyanin by 57.5 and 167.5%, respectively. Binding capacity of chitosan and adsorption capacity of activated carbon succeed to significantly increase the purity ratio of C-phycocyanin from 0.900±0.067 to 2.408±0.171. The enhancement of purity ratio of C-phycocyanin fraction extracted from Jaaginema sp. BTM-11 was also followed by the enhancement of its toxicity. LC50 of C-phycocyanin extract before purification (15.75 ppm) was lower compared to the C-phycocyanin fraction (12.06 ppm) after being treated with chitosan and activated carbon.
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