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Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain the effects of adding green tea extract (GTE) to skim milk-egg yolk (SM-EY) extender on both the quality of post-thawed bull semen and the pregnancy rates of the recipient cows.Methods: Twelve ejaculates from four Simmental bulls, aged 3 to 5 years and weighing 900 to 950 kg, were diluted SM-EY extender, added with 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg GTE/100 mL extender and then frozen. After four weeks storage in liquid nitrogen, the sperm were thawed and evaluated for viability, motility, intact plasma membrane (IPM), and DNA fragmentation. Meanwhile, the estrus cycles of 48 recipient cows were synchronized by intramuscular administration of a single injection of 5 mg prostaglandin F2α. Estrus cows were divided into four equal groups and inseminated artificially 18 to 20 h after the onset of estrus by using semen from each extender group. Pregnancy was diagnosed by measuring serum progesterone levels at 21 days, followed by transrectal palpation 90 days after insemination.Results: The findings revealed that adding 0.1 mg of GTE/100 mL extender produced the highest percentages of sperm viability (70.67%±1.75%), motility (69.17%±1.47%), and IPM (69.23%±1.21%) and the lowest percentage of DNA fragmentation (3.00%±0.50%). The pregnancy diagnosis revealed that all cows (36/36) inseminated using frozen semen in GTE addition extender were pregnant (pregnancy rate 100%), whereas the pregnancy rate of the control group was 83.33% (10/12).Conclusion: It may be concluded that 0.1 mg GTE/100 mL extender yields the best quality of spermatozoa and that all variants doses of GTE in extender produce a higher pregnancy rate among recipient cows.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang analisis kelayakan usaha secara finansial dan efisiensi produksi peternakan sapi perah di PT. Fructi Agri Sejati Kabupaten Jombang yang mempunyai 100 ekor sapi Peranakan Fries Holland (PFH). Jenis penelitian deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di Dusun Komboh Desa Sambirejo Kecamatan Wonosalam Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey yang kemudian diperoleh data primer dan sekunder dari PT. Fructi Agri Sejati melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis kelayakan usaha berdasarkan kriteria kelayakan investasi meliputi Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C), Internal Rate Return (IRR), Payback Periode (PP) dan R/C Ratio untuk analisis efisiensi produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besar pendapatan rata-rata per tahun sebesar Rp.141.669.425, dengan rata-rata penerimaan sebesar Rp.898.382.687 yang bersumber dari hasil penjualan susu, pedet jantan, sapi afkir, pejantan, sapi laktasi dan pupuk kandang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian usaha layak untuk dijalankan karena semua kriteria investasi mampu dicapai, memiliki NPV>0 yaitu Rp.181.016.633, Net B/C>0 yaitu 1,15, IRR sebesar 12,3% lebih besar dari tingkat diskonto yang digunakan dan PP selama 7,2 tahun. Efisiensi produksi dinyatakan sudah efisien karena nilai R/C>0 yaitu 1,18.

Reproduction is one of essential factor directly affecting profitability in a dairy production system. Some of the reproductive factors that influenced to the developing of dairy cattle of small holder’s farmer are Conception Rate (CR) Service per Conception (S/C). The study was conducted to know the CR and S/C of Friesian Holstein in KUD Argopuro, Probolinggo. The data is taken primary and secondary data. Primary data retrieval is done by direct observation, which includes several variables, where the variables include : the identity of the breeder, cages, and feeding and drinking. As for the secondary data obtained by recording the card Artificial Insemination (AI) owned by Inseminator in KUD Argopuro. The data which by collected from this sample are CR and S/C. This research was a case study. The materials used cattle as the acceptors were 10% from 728 lactation cattle. Data from the results of this research on CR (30%) and S/C (2,49). The conclusion of this research for CR the result were lower than normal and S/C the result were higher than normal.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between heat detector reading results and the feature of vaginal swab preparations as a parameter for determining estrus in Peranakan Etawa goats. Five healthy non-pregnant goats weighing 20-30 kg, were synchronized using PGF2α (7.5 mg Dinoprost, Enzaprost) intramuscularly twice with 11 days interval. Vaginal cytology examination began the day after the second PGF2α injection. The heat detector (Draminski®, Dramiński SA, Poland) is an estrus detecting device based on the amount of electric current flowing through the vaginal mucus. Spearman correlation analysis showed a relationship (p <0.05) between heat detector reading and estrus detection based on vaginal cytology. The heat detector readings were very significantly correlated positively (p <0.01) with the number of epithelial cells (coefficient correlation, r= 0.564), but negatively correlated with the number of cornified cells (r = –0.854), and also significantly correlated positively (p <0.05) to the number of leukocytes (r = 0.487). The estrus stages were significantly correlated positively (p <0.05) only to the number of leukocytes (r = 0.918). Likewise, the number of epithelial cells was highly correlated negatively (p <0.01) only to cornified cells (r = –0,643), and the number of cornified cells was significantly correlated negatively (p <0.05) only to the number of leukocytes (r = –0.472). It could be concluded that the features of the proestrus, estrus and metestrus stages based on the goat vaginal cytology was correlated with the reading results of the heat detector.