Abstract:One of the main implementation of wireless sensor network is monitoring equipment. Wireless sensor network (WSN) are able for cost efficient monitoring over enormous geo location. Construction of smart grid is based on the internet of thing(IOT) are made. Smart grid is attractive, and it is a new type of intelligent power system realized with the existing transmission and distribution power infrastructure. To pass the electricity to the consumers, we require a high voltage transmission. High voltage transmission line are responsible for transmission of electric power. Electricity is very essential to understand and monitor the behaviour of the system. In this paper, we present a survey of electric transmission line monitoring system, highlight the key concept, and state of art implementation as well as investigate challenges. The goal of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the design challenges of electric distribution line monitoring system and identify important research in this increasing important field.

As the electric transmission line is spread widely at long distance location is become difficult to monitor, control the power supply in the transmission line. Physical inspection at every location and troubleshooting is not feasible. Same problem is still facing at traffic monitor and control units as every square which are currently controlled manually by operator. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) provides access over remote location with centralized monitoring and controlling on different channels so it can be utilized for electric transmission line monitoring. While the WSNs are capable of cost efficient monitoring over vast geo locations, several technical challenges exist. Detection and location of faults on power transmission line is essential tothe protection and maintainance of a power system. At present system there is no monitoring system implemented in order to find out the distribution line fault.To overcome these problems in regional areas proposed system is designed to monitor and control the electric transmission line using WSN.