The objective of this publication is to identify ways to increase employee engagement in Bulgarian business organizations and identify how such employee engagement affects employee and company performance. Design/methodology/approach: Our research is based on the evaluation of employee engagement methodologies used by well-known companies such as Gallup HCM Advisory Group, Deloitte and Aon Hewitt. Based on these, we derive the factors influencing employee engagement in Bulgarian companies. Findings: This work focuses on management, in recent years, aimed at retaining and developing the best employees, and their evolution into reliable potential leaders of the organization. This is undertaken to maintain and increase the number of those engaged in the business of company employees as well. The management of a successful leader is considered key to increasing employee engagement. Employee commitment implies something special, additional or atypical in the performance of tasks and job role. This is a behaviour that involves innovation, demonstrating initiative via proactive seeking of opportunities that contribute to the company and exceeding the expected standard of employee performance. The findings can strengthen the already-significant role of management. There is no universal way to increase employee engagement and motivation towards increased productivity, activity, and creativity. Research limitations/implications: The study has been undertaken for employees in Bulgaria.

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We consider an initial problem (IP) for a linear neutral system with distributed delays and derivatives in Caputo’s sense of incommensurate order, with different kinds of initial functions. In the case when the initial functions are with bounded variation, it is proven that this IP has a unique solution. The Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem, a very appropriate tool, is used to prove the existence of solutions in the case of the neutral systems. As a corollary of this result, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of a fundamental matrix for the homogeneous system. In the general case, without additional assumptions of boundedness type, it is established that the existence and uniqueness of a fundamental matrix lead existence and uniqueness of a resolvent kernel and vice versa. Furthermore, an explicit formula describing the relationship between the fundamental matrix and the resolvent kernel is proven in the general case too. On the base of the existence and uniqueness of a resolvent kernel, necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the zero solution of the homogeneous system are established. Finally, it is considered a well-known economics model to describe the dynamics of the wealth of nations and comment on the possibilities of application of the obtained results for the considered systems, which include as partial case the considered model.

The concept of competitive advantage is central for the strategic management literature.The researchers` ideas in this field are broad and comprehensive -from an attempts to define and measure the advantage, through its sources, to the complex of conditions that presuppose its existence at all, and its preservation for a longer period. The activities to protect it in a highly dynamic environment are a great challenge. This makes the topic of the necessary and sufficient requirements that the sources of competitive advantage have to meet in order to ensure its sustainability. Studying the conditions needs the sustainability to be defined, and with respect to the requirements of dynamism coming from the outside environment. The purpose of this article is to study, systematize and summarize existing scientific opinions about the conditions that ensure the sustainability for the competitive advantage and to identify the reasons for moving to its flexibility. In order to achieve this objective, it is necessary to fulfil the following tasks: -to consider the prerequisites for sustainability and to derive a definition of "sustainable competitive advantage"; -to highlight the specific features of the transitional competitive advantages; -to indicate the implementation of the two concepts in business organizations.

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