Serum pro-inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in the association between periodontal disease and hyperlipidaemia.

The combination of the periodontal therapy and antilipemic treatment may provide beneficial effects on the metabolic and inflammatory control of hyperlipidemia.

The serum levels of IL-1β, VEGF, and sVEGFR-1 and -2 may have a potential effect on the mechanism of the association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes.