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Today, occurrence of nanotechnology is making life easier, increasing the individual happiness and attracts attention to the benefits to be provided by it. As with any technology, nanotechnology also has risks, which are discussed here. In this study, toxic effects of ZnOTiO2 nanocomposite on various growth parameters of Drosophila melanogaster and removal of these effects by Cimin grape (Vitis vinifera L. ssp., Cimin) were investigated. For this purpose, assessment of the number of offspring and the survival rate were performed by feeding flies with ZnOTiO2 (1 mg/ml) and Cimin grape seed and fruit extracts (5 and 10 mg/ml). In the first stage, larvae of the the same age were put into the medium of each application group and the adult individuals were recorded. In the second stage, in order to determine the number of offspring in all treatment groups, in a set of experiments the grape extracts and ZnOTiO2 were only applied to the female members, while in another set of experiments, the grape extracts and ZnOTiO2 were applied only to male members, belonging to the same application group. The total number of flies developed from the eggs laid during ten days of pair mating was counted. As a result, survival rate and the offspring number in the application groups, that were only exposed to ZnOTiO2 were found to show a decline, compared with the other groups. At the same time, the values obtained from the groups, exposed to the ZnOTiO2 and grape extracts together, were close to control group values. This result supports the healing effects of Cimin grape, which is abundant in Erzincan.

No abstract

Efectos protectores de extracto de Berberis crataegina DC. (Ranunculales: Berberidaceae) frente a toxicidad inducida con Bleomicina en moscas de la fruta (Diptera: Drosophilidae) RESUMEN. Los agentes antineoplásicos, debido a sus efectos citotóxicos, aumentan la cantidad de radicales libres en las células causando su muerte. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar los posibles efectos tóxicos de la Bleomicina (BLM) en el número de descendientes y la tasa de supervivencia de las moscas de la fruta, asi como el papel protector de extractos de frutas de Berberis crataegina DC. (BCE) sobre estos efectos. Las soluciones preparadas en diferentes concentraciones (0,125 mg/ml para BLM; 10 y 20 mg/ml para BCE) se aplicaron a individuos adultos de tipo salvaje de la mosca de la fruta (Drosophila melanogaster) y a larvas de 72 ± 4 h para determinar el número de descendientes y la tasa de supervivencia, respectivamente. Como resultado, el mayor número de descendientes y la tasa de supervivencia en los grupos en los que se aplicaron BCE + BLM que en los grupos tratados solo con BLM muestra que BCE es un antioxidante y tiene un efecto protector (p <0.05). Este efecto protector puede explicarse como una prevención de la formación o bien una eliminación de radicales libres en el ambiente. PALABRAS CLAVE. Agentes antineoplásicos. Descendencia. Drosophila melanogaster. Tasa de supervivencia. ABSTRACT. Antineoplastic agents due to their cytotoxic effects increase the amount of free radical in cells causing cell death. The aims of this study were to assess the possible toxic effects of Bleomycin (BLM) on the number of offspring and survival rate of fruit flies as well as the protective role of Berberis crataegina DC. fruit extracts (BCE) on these effects. Solutions prepared in different concentrations (0.125 mg/mL for BLM; 10 and 20 mg/mL for BCE) were applied to the adult fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster's wild-type individuals and 72 ± 4 h larvae to determine the number of offspring and survival rate, respectively. As a result, the higher number of offspring and survival rate in the BCE + BLM applied groups than the only BLM applied groups shows that BCE is an antioxidant and has a protective effect (p< 0.05). This protective effect can be explained as the prevention or removal of the free radicals formation from the environment.