The chemical composition of acid deposition shows that ammonium and chloride concentrations as the indicators of forest fires were higher than sulfate and nitrate in Sumatera areas such as Medan, Lampung, Palembang, and Kototabang. Chloride had higher concentration than sodium (Na+ sea originated) with the ratio value of Cl−/Na+ > 1.16 found in Medan and Palembang. Ionic compositions from the lowest to the highest concentration in Kototabang were H+ > Cl− > Na+ > NH4+ > nss-Ca2+ > K+ > NO3- > nss-SO42- > Mg2+ > ss-SO42- > ss-Ca2+. Acid rain takes place if the acid compounds such as sulfates, nitrates, and chlorides dominate. If the ratio value of NO3-/(nss-SO42- + NO3-) < 0.5 then it indicates that nss-SO42- is higher than NO3-. Between 2001 and 2010 it was found that the frequency value of NO3-/(nss-SO42- + NO3-) < 0.5 was 97% from annual mean of 34 pieces of data in Medan, Kototabang, Lampung, and Palembang. Forest fires influence was more dominant than anthropogenic activities in Kototabang, Palembang and Lampung, except in Medan. It showed that ammonium was higher than NO3- content if the ratio value of NO3-/(NH4+ + NO3-) < 0.5 was 62%. For the period 2001–2010 the frequency value of NO3-/(NH4+ + NO3-) < 0.5 was 74% from total 34 annual mean pieces of data in four locations, that is, Medan, Kototabang, Palembang, and Lampung.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Acidity value (pH value) of rainwater, are influenced by the concentration of anions and cations dissolved in rainwater and it was also influenced by several sources of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere. This research was conducted to determine the sources of pollutants that affect the pH value in Bandung. Sampling locations were conducted in 10 locations, both in Bandung City and Regency. We used data monthly averages of pH value from 2006 – 2015, to see the distribution of pH values in Bandung. As for knowing the effect of pollutant sources that affect the pH value, Cipedes area was chosen to represent urban areas from the sampling location. We used data anion and cation concentrations of SO4 2-, NO3 -, Cl-, NH4 +, Na+ and Ca2 + in 2006 - 2015. The statistical method used for data process was PCA method. Result shows that pH value in Bandung fluctuated from 2006-2015, with the lowest average pH value in 2010 and 2014 was 5.2. From result of data processing with PCA gained 3 factors influencing pH value Bandung, which were Factor 1: SO4 2-, NO3 -, K+ and Mg2 +, Factor 2: Ca2+, and NH4 +, Factor 3: Cl- and Na+.