Introduction: Maintaining oral health by preventing and motivating healthy habits (tooth brushing and flossing) is effective in preventing diseases in the oral cavity. It is speculated that oral health improves performance in athletes and reduces injuries. Objectives: Diagnose the oral health conditions of athletes; Treat oral lesions; Develop educational and motivational actions in the promotion and prevention of oral health. Methods: 14 athletes of both genders from the athletics modality were studied. They answered a questionnaire with objective questions about their knowledge of the interferences of oral changes in sports performance. Oral health indicators were also evaluated, such as Control Plaque Index (CPI), Bleeding Index (BI), and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI) at the beginning of the study. Then, dental treatments were performed according to the individual needs of each athlete, accompanied by lectures on prevention and motivation of healthy oral health habits. After six months, mouth indicators were reassessed. In all phases of the experiment, there was supervision by dental surgeons. Results: The collected data allow us to point out the significant reduction in oral health indexes. Athletes have no prior knowledge of the influence of oral health and sports. Another important point addressed in the study was the misuse of dental floss. Conclusion: We can make the following notes: 1) This is the first study using the athletics modality and involving both genders; 2) It was also observed that, all athletes had little knowledge about oral health and its relationship with performance; 3) The oral health indicators were reduced after oral health education actions through lectures on the prevention and motivation of healthy habits such as better brushing and the correct use of dental floss.