Organic synthesis may be said to be in need of enophiles, i.e. reagents that would undergo cycloaddition reactions with any isolated olefinic double bond, in contrast to most of the classical Diels‐Alder or 1,3‐dipolar addition reagents which, as a rule, require activated olefins in order to participate smoothly in cycloaddition processes. This paper introduces α‐chloronitrones as precursors of a new class of such reagents; they undergo an Ag+‐induced reaction with unactivated olefins with great ease to give products considered to result from 1,4‐cycloadditions of N‐alkyl‐N‐vinyl‐nitrosonium ions to the carbon‐carbon double bond (see scheme 2). This process is believed to have a number of synthetic applications, two of them being illustrated in two subsequent communications.
The addition products obtained by the Ag+‐induced reaction of α‐chloro‐aldonitrones with olefins (see preceding communication) can be utilized efficiently for making γ‐lactones (see scheme 1).
Liganden werden synthetisiert, in denen zwei vicinale Dioximfunktionen durch eine Kohlenwasserstoffkette, die in der Mitte eine Brommethyl-oder Chlormethylgruppe tragt, verbunden sind (20, 22, 25). Umsetzung dieser Liganden mit Cobalt(I1)-chlorid in Gegenwart von Pyridin und Natriumboranat ergibt iiberbriickte, intramolekular alkylierte Cobaloxime. Wenn die Dioximfunktionen durch neun C-Atome getrennt sind, entstehen hauptsachlich dimere Produkte, von denen zwei Diastereomere, 26 und 27, isoliert und sowohl spektroskopisch als auch durch Rontgenstrukturanalyse charakterisiert wurden. Bei elf oder dreizehn C-Atomen zwischen den Dioximfunktionen entstehen hauptsachlich monomere Cobaloxime mit cis-Konfiguration, wie 28. Das trans-Monomere 30 entsteht (neben dem cis-Monomeren) erst, wenn die Anzahl der C-Atome in der Brucke auf funfzehn erhoht wird.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Stereochemistry of Bridged Intramolecularly Alkylated Cobaloximes; Monomeric and Dimeric Complexes of Different ConfigurationLigands have been synthesized containing two vicinal dioxime functions joined by a carbon chain to which is attached in the centre a bromomethyl or chloromethyl group (20, 22, 25). These ligands, upon reaction with cobalt(I1) chloride in the presence of pyridine and sodium borohydride afforded bridged intramolecularly alkylated cobaloximes. When the vicinal dioxime functions are separated by a chain of nine carbon atoms mainly dimeric complexes are formed. Two of these, 26 and 27, were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic methods and their structures were established by X-ray crystallography. Ligands containing eleven or thirteen carbon atoms between the dioxirne functions afforded mainly monomeric cobaloximes with cis configuration, e. g. 28. The trans-monomeric complex 30 was produced along with the cis isomer when the number of carbon atoms in the bridge was raised to fifteen.Seit dem Vorschlag'), darj Cobaloxime als Modelle fur das Vitamin BIZ dienen kbnnten, ist das Interesse an dieser Verbindungsklasse stark gestiegen. Wir berichteten verschiedentlich uber die Synthese und das Verhalten von uberbruckten Cobalo~imen~-~'. Hier beschreiben wir im Detail die Komplexbildung von Tetraoximliganden mit Cobalt(I1)-chlorid in Abhtingigkeit von der Ligandenstruktur. Zweikernige uberbruckte Cobaloxime und monomere uberbruckte Cobaloxime mit trans-Konfiguration werden erstmalig charakterisiert. Teilaspekte unserer Arbeit wurden bereits in kurzer Form veroffentlicht 3*5).
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