The actual intraoperative radiation load is influenced by bone mass and soft tissue coverage. Surgeons are able to reduce it only by decreasing the fluoroscopy time. According to our results, image intensifier time should not exceed 3 minutes in ESIN of femoral shaft fractures and 2 minutes in ESIN of lower-leg fractures. Low intraoperative radiation times are a mark of quality with respect to the interests of patients, surgeons, and operation theater staff.

From February 2002 to September 2009, 77 mallet fractures type Doyle IVb and IVc were operatively stabilized with a hook plate. In a retrospective study, 59 patients were followed up at a mean interval of 38.3 (3-69) months after the operation. Wound healing problems or inflammation were not observed. Visible disturbances of nail growth were macroscopically seen in 11.9%. Results were very good in 35 patients (59.3%), good in 16 patients (27.1%), sufficient in 5 patients (8.5%), satisfying in 1 patient (1.7%), and insufficient in 2 patients (3.4%).

On application of clindamycin in bone cement the features of increased antibiotic uptake and antimicrobial effect compared with gentamicin-loaded bone cement are observed.

In 1958 Ross described a triade consisting of tonic pupils, hyporeflexia and sudomotor denervation. Etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. 14 cases of Ross' syndrome have been mentioned in the literature up to now. Three additional cases are demonstrated.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDank verbesserter Diagnostik und medikamentöser Therapie sind mehr Rheumapatienten berufstätig und dadurch auch in größerem Ausmaß von Berufs- und Wegeunfällen betroffen als noch vor einigen Jahren. Zur Abklärung der durch den Unfall verursachten Schädigung muss eine gutachterliche Prüfung auf Kausalität erfolgen. Durch eine inflammatorische Grunderkrankung hervorgerufene Veränderungen müssen als Mitursache einzeln geprüft und abgewogen werden. Das Wissen um die Beeinflussung systemischer Regelkreise und deren Auswirkungen auf ein mögliches Trauma sind für mit Gutachten Betraute eminent.