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ABSTRACT-We document the jaguar (Panthera onca) in the Sierra Nanchititla (state of Mexico) in pine-oak forest. During October 2002-December 2004, we determined presence of jaguars using three methods: we conducted interviews in local communities, collected scats, and installed automatedcamera detection systems. Although no jaguar was mentioned in 86 interviews, 3 photographs of a male were obtained, and 10 of 132 scats were attributed to P. onca. This represents the first record of P. onca in central Mexico within the Balsas River macro-basin. RESUMEN-Documentamos la presencia de jaguar (Panthera onca) en la Sierra Nanchititla (estado de México) en bosque de pino-encino. De octubre 2002 a diciembre 2004, evaluamos la presencia del jaguar usando tres métodos: condujimos entrevistas en comunidades locales, colectamos excrementos, e instalamos sistemas automáticos de detecció n fotográfica. Aunque en 86 entrevistas no se mencionaron jaguares, obtuvimos 3 fotografías de un macho y 10 de 132 excrementos fueron atribuibles a P. onca. Este representa el primer registro de P. onca en el centro de México dentro de la macrocuenca del río Balsas.

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Resumen. La Reserva Natural Sierra Nanchititla (RNSN), por su extensión, es la segunda área natural protegida del Estado de México; sin embargo, se desconoce gran parte de su biodiversidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar su diversidad mastofaunística. Se utilizó el trampeo directo para la colecta de mamíferos pequeños y trampas-cámara para el estudio de los mamíferos medianos y grandes. Se calculó la diversidad a partir del índice de Margalef, y se evaluaron la dominancia y la equidad mediante los índices de Simpson y Shannon-Wiener, respectivamente. Se registraron 53 especies de mamíferos; 3 de ellas son el primer registro estatal, 10 son endémicas de México y 4 las considera en alguna categoría de vulnerabilidad el gobierno mexicano. En la zona habitan 5 de las 6 especies de felinos de México. La composición mastofaunística de la RNSN fue comparada con la de la sierra Purépecha, Michoacán, con la que comparte el 38% de las especies. De acuerdo con el índice de Jaccard, la similitud entre ambas es baja. Considerando los resultados, la importancia de la RNSN con respecto a su diversidad mastofaunística es evidente, así como la necesidad de delinear estrategias para su conservación.

-When a sow copulates with different boars, fecundation can take a slant towards the best quality male, which should have a more competitive ejaculation. In polyandric animals, genitals can be more elaborated and be an indication of spermatic competence or cryptic female choice. In swine, the male and female genital morphologic characteristics are evidence that allow the assumption of spermatic competence and cryptic choice in this species. In order to prove this hypothesis, the paternity of a group of 18 York/Landrace (Y/N) sows was determined; these sows copulated with three boars: Yorkshire (Y/Y), York/Landrace (Y/N) and Landrace (N/N). The three boars had the same probability of copulating in the first, second, and third place with each of the sows in an interval of 12 hours between each mating. Four polymorphic molecular markers were used in order to establish the paternity (S0033, S0035, S0036 and S0037). The results indicate that the Y/N male had 85.59% of paternity, Y/Y male 8.8% and N/N 5.8%. According to the mating order, when the Y/N male copulated in the first place, it had 89.6% paternity (26 offspring; 12 males; 46.15% and 14 females, 53.85%) when it copulated in the second place, it had 100% paternity (8 offspring; 4 males, 50% and 4 females, 50%), and when it mated in the third place, it had 77.41% paternity (22 offspring; 13 males, 59.1% and 9 females, 40.9%). Sows in estrus participated in the removal of semen from four sows minutes after the copula by female-female mating. The multiple mating allowed certain competence among the ejaculation and the possibility of the female to slant the paternity towards the heterozygote male with higher genetic variability, compared to the homozygote male (Y/Y and N/N). accouplements multiples / choix cryptique de la femelle / microsatellites / porc