Abstract-In recent years measuring instruments have adopted general-purpose operating systems to offer the user a broader functionality that is not necessarily restricted towards measurement alone. Additionally the trend to the internet of things from which measuring instruments are not immune, e.g. smart meters and traffic enforcement cameras just to name a few, brings forth security questions.In this paper, a flexible software system architecture that can be constructed out of freely available open source software is presented which addresses these challenges within the framework of essential requirements laid down in the Measuring Instruments Directive of the European Union. The system architecture is based on a modular design assuring correct collaboration between modules by encapsulating them in different virtual machines and supervising their communication.

Legal Metrology's requirements can be transferred into the IT security domain applying a generic set of standardized rules provided by the Common Criteria (ISO/IEC 15408). We will outline the transfer and cross validation of such an approach. As an example serves the integration of Legal Metrology's requirements into a recently developed Common Criteria based Protection Profile for a Smart Meter Gateway designed under the leadership of the Germany's Federal Office for Information Security. The requirements on utility meters laid down in the Measuring Instruments Directive (MID) are incorporated. A verification approach to check for meeting Legal Metrology's requirements by their interpretation through Common Criteria's generic requirements is also presented.

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Résumé. L'informatique en nuage (ou "cloud computing") est un paradigme qui englobe une vaste palette de réalisations techniques, son but principal étant d'offrir un accès transparent à des ressources partagées à un grand nombre d'usagers, sans interactions nécessaires de la part de l'opérateur de ces ressources. Compte tenu des avantages des services dématérialisés, il est fort probable qu'on les retrouve bientôt également dans le secteur réglementé de la métrologie légale. Dans cet article, nous résumerons les définitions pertinentes ainsi que les architectures de référence décrivant les systèmes en nuage. Nous identifierons également les menaces principales touchant actuellement les nuages informatiques. En outre, nous donnerons un aperçu des travaux de normalisation en cours visant à garantir la sécurité de ces systèmes. Nous développerons et éluciderons plusieurs exemples dans lesquels il serait acceptable d'utiliser cette technologie dans le contexte de la métrologie légale. Ces exemples peuvent être considérés comme des suggestions pour l'élaboration à venir d'exigences informatiques en métrologie légale.

The transformation of our present electricity grids into 'smart grids' is crucial for the successful uptake of renewable energy sources in the grid. In a combined effort of 18 European national metrology institutes and 4 universities and research centers, the necessary metrology tools will be developed to facilitate the observability and controllability of this new technology.The extensive research program will develop, refine and apply new metrological tools to determine power flows, stability, and power quality of smart electrical grids. New design methodologies will optimize smart grid instrumentation networks for reliable and stable energy supply. Fair trade will be assured through the implementation of revenue billing systems and a cryptographic infrastructure.