No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

In this research, the method that helps Bacillus subtilis to survive in high temperatures and low pH was examined. B. subtilis were encapsulated with alginate (A), alginate together with gelatin (AG), alginate together with chitosan (AC), and alginate together with gelatin and chitosan (AGC). Then the gel bead sizes and the release of bacteria from the gel beads were measured. The gel beads using 18G needle has the highest amount of B. subtilis release and was found that AC and AGC encapsulation had the highest efficiency of the release of B. subtilis. The survival of B. subtilis at high temperature (60 and 90 °C) and at low pH (pH 4 and 2) was evaluated. At high temperature, the percentage survival of B. subtilis encapsulated with AC increases when compared to non-encapsulated B. subtilis (BS) and AGC as statistically significant (P < 0.05). At low pH, the percentage survival of B. subtilis encapsulated with AC and AGC increased as statistically significant compared to BS (P < 0.05). The average percentage survival of AC at pH 4 and 2 are 98.03% and 45.15%, respectively. The average percentage survival of AGC at pH 4 and 2 are 90.90% and 51.02%, respectively.