Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) species have been used in folk medicine for thousands of years in the world. The in vitro cytogenetic effects in human lymphocytes of nine Helichrysum taxa used in Turkey folk medicine were investigated. Blood samples were obtained from healthy donors, nonsmoking volunteers, which were incubated and exposed to increasing concentrations of methanol extracts of Helichrysum taxa (0.01, 0.05, 0

Abstract:The genus Paronychia Miller is placed in the family Caryophyllaceae. It contains approximately 110 species of annual or perennial found all over the world except Southern Africa, Southeast Asia. Genus Paronychia is known as Algerian tea in the world. In our country, the genus commonly known as et yaran, kepek otu and dolama otu is used as medicinal tea because of relieving inflammation between the hands and toes, aphrodisiac, diuretic and blood purifier. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the genus are known. The chromosome number is 2n = 36 in many species of Paronychia. But there are various chromosome numbers as 2n = 10, 14, 16, 18 and 28. In this study, the chromosome number of P. adalia Chaudhri was reported for the first time. The chromosome number and karyotype formula are 2n = 2x = 36 = 34m + 2sm. Total haploid length, centromeric index and karyotype asymmetry were calculated with detailed chromosomal measurements.

Abstract.-Total phenolic contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of six Senecio species growing in the Black Sea region of Turkey (S. pandurifolius, S. trapezuntinus, S. integrifolius subsp. aucheri, S. hypochionaeus var. argaeus, S. hypochionaeus var. ilkasiensis and S. lorentii) are investigated. The total phenolic content is analysed using Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent of the methanol extracts and varies from 19.54 to 81.78 mg GAE/g dry extract. The methanol extracts of the studied species possess antioxidant properties in the range of 70.07-165.21 mg AAE/g dry extract in phosphomolybdenum assay. S. hypochionaeus var. ilkasiensis extract shows maximum activity with an IC 50 of 15.94 µg/ml in DPPH free radical scavenging assay. All of the Senecio methanol extracts show similar antimicrobial activities against microorganisms tested by agar diffusion methods. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most sensitive microorganism to the all extracts examined while Escherichia coli and Candida albicans are the most resistant one. Mots clés : activité antimicrobienne -activité antioxydante -DPPH -composés phénoliques -Senecio.

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Introduction Karyotype evolution can be constructed with chromosomal features based on size, shape, and number. Karyotypic differences are one of the most important mechanisms supporting speciation as they may create transitional barriers between species (Baltisberger and Hörandl, 2016). Therefore, chromosomal characters are used to elucidate phylogenetic relationships in plant cytotaxonomy. (Eroğlu et al., 2013; Eroğlu, 2015). These characters are basic number (x), diploid number (2n), chromosome length, relative length (RL), total haploid length (THL), centromeric index (CI), karyotype formula (KF), chromosome structure changes including deletions, inversions and translocations, chromosome number variations including dysploidy and polyploidy, karyotype asymmetry including symmetry/asymmetry index (S/A I), the coefficient of variation of chromosome length (CV CL), and mean centromeric asymmetry (