The emergence of 5G enables a broad set of diversified and heterogeneous services with complex and potentially conflicting demands. For networks to be able to satisfy those needs, a flexible, adaptable, and programmable architecture based on network slicing is being proposed. Moreover, a softwarization and cloudification of the communications networks is required, where network functions (NFs) are being transformed from programs running on dedicated hardware platforms to programs running over a shared pool of computational and communication resources. This architectural framework allows the introduction of resource elasticity as a key means to make an efficient use of the computational resources of 5G systems, but adds challenges related to resource sharing and efficiency. In this paper, we propose Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a built-in architectural feature that allows the exploitation of the resource elasticity of a 5G network. Building on the work of the recently formed Experiential Network Intelligence (ENI) industry specification group of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to embed an AI engine in the network, we describe a novel taxonomy for learning mechanisms that target exploiting the elasticity of the network as well as three different resource elastic use cases leveraging AI. This work describes the basis of a use case recently approved at ETSI ENI.

Marker PDU Aligned Framing for TCP Specification Status of This MemoThis document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. AbstractMarker PDU Aligned Framing (MPA) is designed to work as an "adaptation layer" between TCP and the Direct Data Placement protocol (DDP) as described in RFC 5041. It preserves the reliable, in-order delivery of TCP, while adding the preservation of higher-level protocol record boundaries that DDP requires. MPA is fully compliant with applicable TCP RFCs and can be utilized with existing TCP implementations. MPA also supports integrated implementations that combine TCP, MPA and DDP to reduce buffering requirements in the implementation and improve performance at the system level.

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