Seed viability was maintained in four cultivars of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) during 12 months of hermetic storage at 15°C with 10–12% moisture content (embryo moisture contents of 19–21%). The viability of both these and drier seeds was reduced greatly during this period at cooler storage temperatures of 0°C and −20°C, however. For example, intact seeds at 6.1–7.4% moisture content (embryo moisture contents of 9.1–12.0%, at which freezing damage would not be expected) lost viability more rapidly at 0°C and −20°C than at 15°C. Moreover, desiccation to 4–5% moisture content (4–6% embryo moisture content) reduced seed lot viability in some but not all cultivars. The results confirm earlier reports that oil palm is not recalcitrant, but neither is it orthodox. Thus, seed storage behaviour in oil palm appears to be intermediate between these categories. Additional results are presented which suggest that the seeds of the royal palm (Oreodoxa regia HBK) may also show intermediate seed storage behaviour.

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Study of the effect of organic and non-organic farming practice of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Rojolele on seed physiology was carried out in Cipanas, West Java (on-farm) and in the laboratory of BSJ3 and greenhouse of RC for Biotechnology (off-farm). Parameters were recorded particularly on seed germination percentage, water content, dormancy behavior and morphology. On-farm study results showed that germination percentage of organic seeds was higher (88.3% at water content of 13.4%) than those non-organic seeds (20.0% at water content of 10.2%). Results of off-farm study showed that the plant height of those organic seeds was higher than those non-organic seeds. On-farm practice the harvest after 150 days showed that the non-organic seeds produced more yellow grains (44.8%) than those of organic seeds (39.6%). A total grain per plant produced by the non-organic seeds was higher than those organic seeds, however, total percentage of the filled out organic seeds was higher (57.8%) than those non-organic seeds (40.1%). Organic seeds seem to be more dormant than those non-organic seeds after storage for 12 months. Grain weight of both non-organic and organic was 17-19 g per 1000 seeds. Germination of off-farm non-organic seeds was 98.0%, whereas those organic seeds were 95.0% at water content of 10.8% respectively. In view of seed physiology, organic rice quality better than those nonorganic because they contain more filled out seeds, even though the organic rice harvesting time longer than those non-organic. Although off-farm study represented seed physiology of either organic or non-organic seeds, on-farm study needs to be further done on all aspects of seed physiology.

The literacy skills of science and technology in Indonesia is still low, and results from study science in Indonesia is still categorized as low. One of the efforts is the use of effective learning media that can ultimately improve the quality of learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the increase of science and technology literacy through interactive multimedia-based learning on the material of pollution impact for life. This study is Quasi Experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study are all students of class VII of MTsN 7 Majalengka. The research sample is class VII E as many as 40 people. Analysis of the data used is normality test, homogeneity Wilcoxon test data from pretest and posttest. From this research found: 1) Characteristic of interactive multimedia based learning is video displays, video content, animations, contains questions, and narration to clarify video displays. 2) Characteristics of interactive multimedia is to have more than one media convergent (in the form of images, animation and video), interactive which is able to accommodate a user response, and be independent ie interactive multimedia provide convenience and completeness of the content so that it can use it without the guidance of others. 3) interactive multimedia-based learning can improve students' science literacy and technology in the material impact of pollution for life, by giving the conclusion increase is being considered. 4) Based on the results of questionnaires given to students after learning science by using interactive multimedia, student responses to the use of interactive multimedia, including in the medium category, meaning that most of the students in the experimental class had a good response to the interactive multimedia-based learning in science subjectsKeywords: Interactive Multimedia; Based Learning; �Literacy of Science; Technology

Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) is a member of Verbenaceae family. It has been registered on the National Industrial Timber Estate Programme. Its large-scale propagation was usuallly carried out by vegetative or stem cuttings, therefore it had significant limitation. Due to the low germination rate, so the generative propagation was not yet a prime target. Fruits as well as flower biology remain open so intensive study. Beside the case of low germination rate, the purity test on the whole fruits resulted in an assumption on three categories, i.e. (i) low percentage of fruits containing full seeded segment, (ii) fruits posses a splitting mechanism into separate half-seeded fruit, (iii) morphologically difficult to recognize a full-seeded fruit.