The fused Nitrogen heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have grown in prominence over the past several decades as a result of their significant medical value. The adaptable and easily synthesized N-Heterocyclic scaffolds are particularly exciting in both synthetic organic chemistry and the biological sector due to their powerful pharmacological properties, which are taken into consideration while considering their numerous uses. For the synthesis of N-heterocycles and their derivatives, several attempts were undertaken to create a variety of synthetic protocols. The N-Heterocyclic compounds provide a variety of adaptable structures for specific biological applications and represent novel, broad-spectrum antibacterial and anticancer agents. They typically have minimal toxicity profiles. The majority of these N-Heterocycles have demonstrated more cytotoxicity than the effective anticancer medication cisplatin. The design, synthesis, structural characterisation, and biological uses of N-Heterocycles are reviewed in this work. In this article, the developments made in this specific field are comprehensively examined.

Cancer is an epidemic worldwide. As per the report of the National Centre for Health Statistics in 2019, approximately 606,880 patients were died due to cancer and 1,762,450 new cases were detected. To overcome this scenario, worldwide research is going on to combat this disease. Among these, treatment of cancer through plant phytochemical has attended much prominence in the last few decades. Phytochemicals are produced by plants for their defense mechanism. However, these can also be used to treat many deadly diseases, among them cancer is most common. In the present study, we selected three Ethno-medicinal plants namely Careya arborea (leaf), Ficus religiosa (leaf) and Amorphophallus campanulatus (tuber) to evaluate their efficacy against A549 human lung cancer cells. MTT assay is widely used to assess cell viability. Human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were purchased from NCCS, Pune and maintained in the laboratory under all standard conditions. Cells were grown, using ready to use media containing 4.5 grams of glucose, L-glutamine and sodium pyruvate. Growth factors were made available to the cells through the fetal bovine serum. We treated the cells with different concentrations of methanol and distilled water extracts of the selected plants and investigate the cell viability using a statistical test. We found varied significant differences between control cells and the cells treated with plant extracts.