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The paper examines the phase interaction in mechanical mixtures of thermostable hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powders depending on the annealing temperature, initial composition, and particle size with x-ray interpretation of phase changes. It is established that HA transforms into β-TCP through a dehydration reaction during annealing of the mechanical mixtures of HA and β-TCP powders. The dehydration reaction proceeds through interphase activation in which the limiting stage of nucleation disappears. The phase boundaries in the two-phase HA-TCP mixture are more permeable for water vapors than single-phase boundaries owing to their disordered structure.