Abstract. The study included 135 breast cancer patients (70 patients with locally recurrent breast cancer and 65 patients with locally advanced breast cancer with unfavorable prognostic factors) who received the neutron therapy alone or in combination with the photon therapy. The neutron therapy was shown to be effective in multimodality treatment of patients with locally advanced and locally recurrent breast cancer. The 8-year survival rate in patients without repeated breast cancer recurrence was 87.6 ± 8.7% after the neutron and neutron-photon therapy and 54.3 ± 9.2% after the electron beam therapy.

Представлены результаты комплексного и комбинированного лечения с применением быстрых нейтронов у больных с резистентными формами злокачественных новообразований различных локализаций. Оценка эффективности нейтронной терапии на циклотроне У-120 проведена по критериям резорбции опухоли, продолжительности безрецидивного периода и пятилетней выживаемости. При применении нейтронной и нейтронно-фотонной терапии как при комбинированном лечении, так в виде самостоятельного метода лучевого лечения показана ее большая эффективность по сравнению с фотонной терапией. Разработана комплексная программа по предупреждению и лечению острых лучевых повреждений, возникающих при нейтронной и нейтронно-фотонной терапии.Ключевые слова: нейтронная терапия, рецидив рака молочной железы, злокачественные новообразования головы и шеи, лучевые реакции.

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of the combined modality treatment and radiation therapy using 6.3 MeV fast neutrons for salivary gland cancer and prognostically unfavorable thyroid gland cancer. The study group comprised 127 patients with salivary gland cancer and 46 patients with thyroid gland cancer, who received neutron therapy alone and in combination with surgery. The results obtained demonstrated that the combined modality treatment including fast neutron therapy led to encouraging local control in patients with salivary and thyroid gland cancers.

The goal of radiotherapy is to maximize the radiation dose to abnormal cancer cells while preventing damage to healthy tissue. in neutron therapy, the optimum regime of treatment is uncertain to date.The purpose of the study to develop a set of methodological approaches that ensure the permissible frequency and severity of radiation-induced reactions in cancer patients subjected to neutron and neutron-photon therapy (NFt) using u-120 cyclotron.Material and methods. We used the dependence of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of neutrons on the dose and time-dose-fractionation model (tdF). the interaction of neutrons with various types of tissues was analyzed, and the algorithm for summing neutron and photon doses in neutronphoton therapy was developed.Results. Clinical studies of neutron-photon therapy showed that the developed approaches can predict and prevent serious damage to normal tissue with a satisfactory accuracy. the role of all factors influencing the nature of radiation reactions was taken into account in the computer program, which allowed the main characteristics of the planned courses of neutron-photon therapy to be obtained.