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The state of the Russian tractor industry is characterized by deep restructuring processes. This problem is particularly acute in the development of modern mobile low-power tools for mechanization of work in peasant farms. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in substantiating the initial requirements for a new-generation agricultural universal block-modular power tool that meets world standards in terms of technical level, economic and ergonomic requirements, versatility and competitiveness. (Materials and methods) According to the monitoring, the production of agricultural tractors in Russia for the period 1990-2019 decreased by 23.4 times. A new technological direction for the development of mobile power tools was to increase energy efficiency in the full life cycle by reducing the structural weight, fuel consumption and increasing productivity. The article offers innovative design and technological solutions. (Results and discussion) The article describes the initial requirements for agricultural mobile power tools based on statistical analysis of data on the need for agricultural mobile power tools, analysis of existing and future technologies and agricultural machines, as well as current standards for mobile power tools. (Conclusion) The article presents developed initial requirements for an agricultural universal block-modular energy tool that will ensure environmental safety, competitiveness, reduce the total specific energy intensity of performing a unit of useful work by 1.4-1.6 times, and will also significantly increase the level of marketability and profitability of agricultural production in peasant farms.

Mechanized technology of crop production is a sequence of impacts on soil, seeds, plants and fertilizers strictly specifi ed in time and space. These requirements can be satisfi ed only in case certain technical support is provided, which is a regulatory technological need. In this regard, it is necessary to develop methods for assessing the demand for crop production equipment using the coeffi cients for converting physical units of equipment into reference units. The characteristic of reference conditions is presented when determining the performance of machine-tractor units. Tractors TE-120 and TE-150 (conditional brands) were taken as reference machines. The fi rst one corresponds to the modern technical level, which allows making calculations until 2025. The second reference sample can be used in calculations after 2025. The main technical characteristics of tractors are given. The paper presents methods for assessing the technological demand for tractors in agricultural enterprises, agrozones, federal districts, republics, regions and the country as a whole. The authors analyze the block diagram of the development standards for the demand and determine the technologically required size of the machine and tractor fl eet in Russia. They show that each agricultural enterprise can determine how much equipment it should purchase to complete the entire amount of work in the agricultural period using conditional (reference) coeffi cients. For regions, federal districts and the country as a whole, specialists can not only estimate the number of equipment, but also predict the future demand for technological means.The use of conditional (reference) coeffi cients allows assessing the existing availability of the necessary machines and agricultural tractors in the regions and the country and determining the estimated demand and the number of various-sized equipment to be purchased to provide technical support for all modern and future technologies.

The existing list of requirements for agricultural tractors to classify them as products manufac-tured in Russia is considered. An assessment of the impact of the requirements of the Government of the Russian Federation decree on the fulfillment of tasks for the development of the Russian economy was made. It is proposed to stimulate the creation of jobs by setting a threshold value for the level of localization in terms of cost indicator. An assessment of the technological need for agri-cultural tractors for the primary stimulation of the production of the most scarce equipment was car-ried out. An approach to motivate the technological development of production and improve the technical level of products of enterprises is proposed. It is indicated that it is necessary to take into account in the methodology the directions of the manufacturer's activity that are important for the agricultural consumer. An improved methodology for assessing the level of localization of produc-tion of agricultural mobile energy products is presented. The basic methodology was significantly adjusted with the transition from an arbitrary list of obsolete technological operations to the cost assessment of modern technologies, quantitative accounting of the scarcity of manufactured equip-ment, the volume of service, the development of R&D works, the operational provision of spare parts, etc. The level of localization, which is sufficient to recognize a specific model as produced in Russia, is calculated as the sum of the shares of the cost of the tractor using a number of reducing factors that take into account the progressive influence of localized production: the scarcity ratio of the manufactured model; the service network coefficient; R&D funding ratio; spare parts warehouse availability factor. The implementation of this methodology contributes to the solution of tasks for the development of the Russian economy: job creation; organization of production of scarce equip-ment (import substitution); promotion of innovative technologies; maintenance of service; devel-opment of research and development work; prompt provision of spare parts.