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We present video footage demonstrating real-time visualization of domain formation in periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN). This in-situ, non-destructive technique provides important visual information concerning the global quality and dynamics of domain patterning during the fabrication of PPLN.

Liquid crystal beam steering devices behave like blazed diffraction gratings: the design wavelength can be nicely diffracted into a single order. Unfortunately, the grating nature of these devices causes strong angular dispersion of the transmitted light when the incident beam contains a broad spectrum of wavelengths. We characterized the behavior of a liquid crystal beam steerer for broadband illumination. We report experimental measurements of the impulse response of the beam steering device as a function of illumination wavelength. We also compare our results to a theoretical analysis utilizing the beam-propagation method (BPM). We find that even a simple model of the phase profile gives good agreement with the experimental measurements. © 1996 Society of PhotoOptical Instrumentation Engineers.