It is currently known that chronic dacryocystitis is from 2 to 7,5% among patients who have consulted an ophthalmologist about lacrimation disorders. Patients with this pathology are subject to surgical treatment – dacryocystorhinthymia. But the number of relapses after dacryocystorhinostomy is 2–16%, this is due to the tendency of the dacryostomy to heal and scar, which ultimately leads to reoperations. The purpose of this work: To highlight the method of preventing recurrence of chronic dacryocystitis, with endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy. Methods. A technique for preventing dacryostomy scarring with the use of a stent for draining dacryostomy in endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy has been developed and tested in clinical practice (RF Patent RU No. 201235). The essence of the technique is as follows: the surgeon performs surgical treatment in the volume of endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, with the formation of dacryostomy. Then, through the formed dacryostomy, endonasally, under the control of the endoscope, a „T“-shaped stent made intraoperatively is installed into the cavity of the lacrimal sac. Results. Using the proposed technique, surgical treatment of 24 patients with chronic dacryocystitis was performed. Complications and relapses of the disease were not observed in all 24 cases. Conclusion. The presented technique helps to avoid complications in the early and late postoperative periods (granulations, fusion of dacryostomy, synechia, etc.), which prevents the recurrence of the disease and, as a result, further reoperations.

In recent decades, among diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, an increase in the number of people with perforations of the nasal septum has been noticeable. To date, the most effective method of treating perforations is operational. Currently, surgeons’ work on closing defects of the nasal septum does not always end with a positive result due to the fact that the transplant materials used in plastic surgery of perforations are often rejected some time after surgery and the perforations reappear. In our study, we treated 80 patients with septum defects in the age range from 18 to 63, for whom septum perforation was closed using transplant materials: fascia treated with Alloplant technology and allogeneic cartilage treated with Alloplant technology and without application. The septum defect closure performance was determined after 1 month and 1 year after surgery. The study revealed that plastic surgery of nasal septum perforations using transplant materials processed using Alloplant technology using the anatomical, clinical, and functional results of treatment one month and one year after surgery has a more effective method than the classical treatment method and leads to fast and full return of all functions of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity.

For many decades, the problem of chronic tonsillitis still does not lose its relevance. However, some aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic tonsillitis remain unexplored. This article presents the results of a study of the bacterial flora and structural components of the tissues of the palatine tonsils in chronic decompensated tonsillitis and appendix in patients with acute tonsillitis, as well as a comparison of some indicators of the general clinical analysis of peripheral blood in patients with these types of pathology. Chronic tonsillitis occurred in the history of patients with acute appendicitis in 78% of cases, which is ten times the frequency of its detection in the urban population. In all patients with acute appendicitis, palatine tonsil hypertrophy was detected, mainly of the III degree, as well as the presence of liquid or thick caseous pus in the gaps. In chronic decompensated tonsillitis, an increase in the seeding of the palatine tonsils of Streptococcus pyogenes occurs, and in acute appendicitis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes appear on the background of Escherichia coli. Unidirectional changes in the areas of structural components of palatine tonsils in patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis and appendix in patients with acute appendicitis were revealed. Based on the data obtained, we can assume the similarities and interconnections of the pathogenesis of chronic decompensated tonsillitis and acute appendicitis.